1. The Rise of Segregation
Chapter 6
Section 5

2. Exodusters African American migrants to Kansas
Led by Benjamin “Pap” Singleton
Why did they go?

3. African Americans and Populists
Colored Farmers’ National Alliance: 1886
1891: Populist party formed, many African-Americans joined
Democrats threatened “Black Republican” rule

4. Taking Away the Vote
15th Amendment: states cannot deny the vote based on “race, color, or previous condition of servitude”
1890: Mississippi introduced $2 poll tax and literacy test
Other states followed suit
“Grandfather Clause”

5. Segregation De facto: Northern segregation
People lived in different areas
De jure: Southern segregation
Enforced by law
Jim Crow laws

6. Jim Crow
1883: Supreme Court overturned Civil Rights Act of 1875-designed to stop segregation
14th Amendment only applied to government owned facilities
Southern states began passing laws that enforced segregation in privately owned places

7. Plessy v. Ferguson
1892: Homer Plessy rode in white only train car and was arrested
1896: Supreme Court upheld the law
Separate but equal principal established

8. Ida B. Wells 1890-1899: average of 187 lynchings per year
Wells launched a campaign against lynching
Lynching numbers fell in the 1900s

9. Mary Church Terrell Fought against lynching, racism and sexism
Helped found National Association of Colored Women, NAACP

10. Booker T. Washington
Wanted African-Americans to focus on economic goals, not political ones
Atlanta Compromise
Postpone fight for civil rights, focus on education

11. W.E.B. DuBois
The Souls of Black Folk: written in response to Atlanta Compromise
Rejected compromise
Focused on maintaining and excercising voting rights