1. Notas: nouns, gender, definite articles, indefinite articles, hay, making nouns plural

2. Nouns & Gender Nouns name 4 types of things: People Places Things
Ideas (concepts)

3. Nouns & Gender Nouns in Spanish are either masculine or feminine
Most nouns that end in –o are masculine
Most nouns that end in –a are feminine
The word that means masculine or feminine is gender
Nouns that do not follow that general rule must be memorized.

4. Nouns & Gender Using the “-o” & “-a” rule, determine if the following nouns are masculine (M) or feminine (F).
escritorio
mesa
bolígrafo
cuaderno
tiza
pizarra
puerta
libro M. F. F. F. M. F. M. M.

5. Nouns & Gender
Can you name some nouns from our list that do not fit the general rule and that must be memorized?
borrador
papel
clase

6. Definite Articles There is only one definite article in English.
It is the word “the”.
There are four definite articles in Spanish.

7. Definite Articles el los la las four ways to say "the" Singular Plural
Masculine
Feminine el
los la
las
four ways to say "the"

8. Definite Articles Write the definite article that goes with each noun.
bolígrafo
mesas
escritorios
carpeta
puertas
libros
tiza
cuaderno el
las
las
los
los la la el

9. Indefinite Articles
Indefinite articles are used to refer to things in general (non-specific things)
There are four indefinite articles in Spanish.

10. Indefinite Articles un unos una unas a, an some, a few Singular Plural
Masculine
Feminine un
unos
una
unas
a, an
some, a few

11. Articles – Definite & Indefinite
To know which article to use with a particular noun, you have to ask yourself 2 questions:
Is the noun masculine or feminine?
Is the noun singular or plural?

12. unas some folders una a chair un a book unos some notebooks
Fill in the blanks with the correct indefinite articles & write the English meaning. (don’t forget to ask yourself the 2 questions!)
unas
some folders
carpetas = ______________
silla = ______________
libro = ______________
cuadernos = ______________
una
a chair un
a book
unos
some notebooks

13. Hay In a sentence “hay” means: In a question “hay” means: There is
There are
In a question “hay” means:
Is there…?
Are there…?

14. Hay Por ejemplo: Hay una pizarra en el colegio.
¿Hay un bolígrafo en la mochila?
There is a chalkboard in the school.
Is there a pen in the backpack?

15. Sí y No (answering questions)
When answer a question affirmatively, you will usually begin your response with sí.
When answering negatively, begin with no & put a 2nd no before “hay” or the verb.

16. Sí y No (answering questions)
Por ejemplo:
¿Hay tarea?
Sí, hay tarea.
No, no hay tarea.

17. Making Nouns Plural If the noun ends in a vowel, add “s”
diccionario  diccionarios
If the noun ends in a consonant, add “es”
papel  papeles
If the noun ends in “z”, change the “z” to “c” and add “es”
lápiz  lápices

18. Making Nouns Plural Write the following words in the plural form.
teléfono
computadora
reloj
luz
hoja
profesor
teléfonos
computadoras
relojes
luces
hojas
profesores