1. THE ORIGINAL 13 COLONIES 1-VIRGINIA (1607) 2-MASSACHUSETTS (1620)
3- NEW HAMPSHIRE (1623)
4-NEW YORK (1625) (1664)
5-MARYLAND (1632)
6-CONNECTICUT (1636)
7-RHODE ISLAND (1636)
8-DELAWARE (1638)
9-NORTH CAROLINA (1663)
10-NEW JERSEY(1664)
11-SOUTH CAROLINA (1664)
12-PENNSYLVANIA (1681)
13-GEORGIA (1732)

2. THE NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES IN THE 1600s WERE ALL SIMILAR IN THEIR NEED TO ATTRACT SETTLERS IN ORDER TO PROSPER.

3. The New England, Middle, and Southern Colonies
FROM THE FOUNDATION OF THE COLONIES BEGINNING WITH THE FOUNDING OF JAMESTOWN UNTIL THE BEGINNING OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR, DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE EASTERN COAST HAD DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTICS.
ONCE ESTABLISHED, THE THIRTEEN BRITISH COLONIES COULD BE DIVIDED INTO THREE GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS:
NEW ENGLAND (NEW HAMPSHIRE, MASSACHUSETTS,
RHODE ISLAND, & CONNECTICUT)
MIDDLE (NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, PENNSYLVANIA, & DELAWARE)
SOUTHERN (MARYLAND, VIRGINIA, NORTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA
& GEORGIA)
EACH OF THESE HAD SPECIFIC ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS THAT WERE UNIQUE TO THE REGIONS.

4. NEW ENGLAND COLONIES NEW HAMPSHIRE, MASSACHUSETTS, RHODE ISLAND, AND CONNECTICUT

5. FACTS ABOUT THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES
THE NEW ENGLAND COLONISTS WERE LARGELY PURITANS, WHO LED VERY STRICT LIVES.
THESE WERE KNOWN FOR BEING RICH IN FORESTS AND FUR TRAPPING. HARBORS WERE LOCATED THROUGHOUT THE REGION.
THE AREA WAS NOT KNOWN FOR GOOD FARMLAND. THEREFORE, THE FARMS WERE SMALL, MAINLY TO PROVIDE FOOD FOR INDIVIDUAL FAMILIES.
NEW ENGLAND FLOURISHED INSTEAD WITH FISHING, SHIPBUILDING, LUMBERING, AND FUR TRADING ALONG WITH TRADING GOODS WITH EUROPE.
THE FAMOUS TRIANGLE TRADE OCCURRED IN THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES WHERE SLAVES WERE SOLD IN THE WEST INDIES FOR MOLASSES. THIS WAS SENT TO NEW ENGLAND TO MAKE RUM WHICH WAS THEN SENT TO AFRICA TO TRADE FOR SLAVES.
IN NEW ENGLAND, SMALL TOWNS WERE THE CENTERS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT.
IN 1643, MASSACHUSETTS BAY, PLYMOUTH, CONNECTICUT, AND NEW HAVEN FORMED THE NEW ENGLAND CONFEDERATION TO PROVIDE DEFENSE AGAINST INDIANS, DUTCH, AND THE FRENCH.
THIS WAS THE FIRST ATTEMPT TO FORM A UNION BETWEEN COLONIES.

6. OLAUDAH EQUIANO A young African slave who survived the trans-Atlantic slave trade (Middle Passage) and recalled the inhumane conditions on his trip from West Africa to the West Indies in 1756 when he was 11 yrs. old.

8. MIDDLE COLONIES NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, PENNSYLVANIA, AND DELAWARE

9. FACTS ABOUT THE MIDDLE COLONIES
THE MIDDLE COLONISTS WERE A MIXTURE OF RELIGIONS, INCLUDING QUAKERS (LED BY WILLIAM PENN), CATHOLICS, LUTHERANS, JEWS, AND OTHERS.
THIS AREA WAS EXCELLENT FOR FARMING AND INCLUDED NATURAL HARBORS. FARMERS GREW GRAIN AND RAISED LIVESTOCK.
THE MIDDLE COLONIES ALSO PRACTICED TRADE LIKE NEW ENGLAND, BUT TYPICALLY THEY WERE TRADING RAW MATERIALS FOR MANUFACTURED ITEMS.
ONE IMPORTANT EVENT THAT HAPPENED IN THE MIDDLE COLONIES DURING THE COLONIAL PERIOD WAS THE ZENGER TRIAL IN 1735.
JOHN PETER ZENGER WAS ARRESTED FOR WRITING AGAINST THE ROYAL GOVERNOR OF NEW YORK. ZENGER WAS DEFENDED BY ANDREW HAMILTON AND FOUND NOT GUILTY HELPING TO ESTABLISH THE IDEA OF FREEDOM OF THE PRESS.

10. SOUTHERN COLONIES MARYLAND, VIRGINIA, NORTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA AND GEORGIA

11. FACTS ABOUT THE SOUTHERN COLONIES
THE SOUTHERN COLONISTS HAD A MIXTURE OF RELIGIONS AS WELL, INCLUDING BAPTISTS AND ANGLICANS.
SOUTHERN COLONIES GREW THEIR OWN FOOD ALONG WITH GROWING THREE MAJOR CASH CROPS: TOBACCO, RICE, AND INDIGO.
THESE WERE GROWN ON PLANTATIONS TYPICALLY WORKED BY SLAVES AND INDENTURED SERVANTS.
THE MAIN COMMERCE OF THE SOUTH WAS WITH ENGLAND.
PLANTATIONS KEPT PEOPLE WIDELY SEPARATE WHICH PREVENTED THE GROWTH OF MANY TOWNS.
AN IMPORTANT EVENT THAT OCCURRED IN THE SOUTHERN COLONIES WAS BACON'S REBELLION.
NATHANIEL BACON LED A GROUP OF VIRGINIA COLONISTS AGAINST NATIVE AMERICANS WHO WERE ATTACKING FRONTIER FARMS.
THE ROYAL GOVERNOR, SIR WILLIAM BERKELEY, HAD NOT MOVED AGAINST THE NATIVE AMERICANS.
BACON WAS LABELED A TRAITOR BY THE GOVERNOR AND ORDERED ARRESTED. BACON ATTACKED JAMESTOWN AND SEIZED THE GOVERNMENT. HE THEN BECAME ILL AND DIED. BERKELEY RETURNED, HANGED MANY OF THE REBELS, AND WAS EVENTUALLY REMOVED FROM OFFICE BY KING CHARLES II.

12. LET’S NOT FORGET ROANOKE ISLAND “THE LOST COLONY”
SOUTHERN REGION
SIR WALTER RALEIGH IN 1585 ESTABLISH ENGLISH COLONY IN NEW WORLD. HE SENT THREE DIFFERENT EXPEDITIONS.
IN 1587, THE ENGLISH AGAIN ATTEMPTED TO SETTLE ROANOKE ISLAND, LED BY JOHN WHITE.
HOWEVER, JOHN WHITE LEFT THE COLONY TO RETURN TO ENGLAND FOR SUPPLIES THAT HE FELT WOULD HELP THEM TO SURVIVE, EXPECTING TO RETURN TO ROANOKE ISLAND WITHIN 3 MONTHS. INSTEAD, HE FOUND ENGLAND AT WAR WITH SPAIN, AND ALL SHIPS WERE CONFISCATED FOR USE OF THE WAR EFFORTS.
HIS RETURN TO ROANOKE ISLAND WAS DELAYED UNTIL 1590.
WHEN HE FINALLY RETURNED, THE COLONISTS HAD DISAPPEARED. THE ONLY THING HE FOUND WAS THE WORD "CROATOAN" CARVED INTO A POST OF THE FORT AND "CRO" CARVED INTO A NEARBY TREE, TELLING ABOUT THE NATIVE AMERICANS WHO LIVED CLOSE BY.
THEIR FATE HAS NEVER BEEN AUTHORITATIVELY ASCERTAINED, AND THEY BECAME KNOWN AS "THE LOST COLONY".
COLONISTS DISAPPEARED WITHOUT A TRACE.

13. 13. WHO WAS THE GOVERNOR OF JAMESTOWN
13. WHO WAS THE GOVERNOR OF JAMESTOWN? WHAT SAVED THE COLONY ECONOMICALLY? WHO WAS THE GOVERNOR OF THE PURITANS? WHO FOUNDED GEORGIA? WHAT WAS THE PURPOSE OF THE COLONY? WHO FOUNDED MARYLAND? WHAT GROUP OF PEOPLE FLED TO MARYLAND? WHO FOUNDED RHODE ISLAND?
QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
JOHN SMITH (SAVIOR OF JAMESTOWN); TOBACCO
JOHN WINTHROPE WANTED A CITY UPON A HILL
JAMES OGLETHORPE NAMED THE COLONY IN HONOR OF KING GEORGE II; SET UP FOR THE POOR (DEBTORS), IMPRISONED, AND UNFORTUNATE
LORD BALTIMORE; CATHOLICS
ROGER WILLIAMS ALLOWED RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE

14. 18. WILLIAM PENN CREATED A SOCIETY FOR WHAT RELIGIOUS GROUP AND WHERE DID THEY SETTLE? WHAT WAS THE ORIGINAL NAME OF NEW YORK AND NEW YORK CITY? WHERE WAS THE PEQUOT WAR?
QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
QUAKERS; PENNSYLVANIA
SETTLED BY THE DUTCH CALLED NEW NETHERLAND
AND NEW AMSTERDAM
CONNECTICUT FOUNDED BY THOMAS HOOKER.

15. # YEAR FOUNDED FOUNDED BY MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING SIGNIFICANT EVENTS IMPORTANT PEOPLE                                                                                           # YEAR FOUNDED FOUNDED BY MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING SIGNIFICANT EVENTS IMPORTANT PEOPLE                                                                                 # YEAR FOUNDED FOUNDED BY MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING SIGNIFICANT EVENTS IMPORTANT PEOPLE                                                                                           # YEAR FOUNDED FOUNDED BY MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING SIGNIFICANT EVENTS IMPORTANT PEOPLE                                                                                 CHART: THE THIRTEEN ORIGINIAL COLONIES                                                                              # YEAR FOUNDED FOUNDED BY MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING SIGNIFICANT EVENTS IMPORTANT PEOPLE                                                                                                                                                                                               # YEAR FOUNDED FOUNDED BY MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING SIGNIFICANT EVENTS IMPORTANT PEOPLE                                                                                                                 #
YEAR FOUNDED
FOUNDED BY
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS
IMPORTANT PEOPLE

16. VIRGINIA (SOUTHERN REGION)

17. YEAR FOUNDED: 1607 (JAMESTOWN WAS FOUNDED)
YEAR FOUNDED: 1607 (JAMESTOWN WAS FOUNDED). IN 1624, VIRGINIA WAS CREATED AS A ROYAL COLONY THAT INCLUDED THE ORIGINAL JAMESTOWN SETTLEMENT.
FOUNDED BY: THE LONDON (VIRGINIA) COMPANY FOUNDED VIRGINIA DURING THE REIGN OF JAMES I ( ).
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: JAMESTOWN WAS ORIGINALLY FOUNDED FROM A DESIRE TO GAIN WEALTH (TRADE AND PROFITS) AND TO A LESSER EXTENT TO CONVERT THE NATIVES TO CHRISTIANITY. VIRGINIA BECAME A ROYAL COLONY IN 1624 WHEN KING JAMES I REVOKED THE CHARTER OF THE BANKRUPT VIRGINIA COMPANY. HE FELT THREATENED BY THE REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLY KNOWN AS THE HOUSE OF BURGESSES. HIS TIMELY DEATH IN 1625 ENDED HIS PLANS OF DISBANDING THE ASSEMBLY.
SIGNIFICANCE: FIRST PERMANENT ENGLISH SETTLEMENT IN THE NEW WORLD AT JAMESTOWN.
IT PROVIDED A SOURCE OF FERTILE LAND AND GREAT WEALTH TO ENGLAND IN THE FORM OF THE CASH CROP, TOBACCO.
WITH THE HOUSE OF BURGESSES FOUNDED IN 1619, AMERICA SAW THE FIRST INSTITUTIONAL INSTANCE OF REPRESENTATIVE SELF GOVERNMENT.
ONLY 60 OF 1ST 900 COLONISTS SURVIVED (WINTER OF 1609 “STARVING TIME”)
IMPORTANT PEOPLE: CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH, POCAHONTAS, CHIEF
POWHATAN, JOHN ROLFE, NATHANIEL BACON

18. VIRGINIA NEEDED WORKERS FOR THEIR PLANTATIONS THAT WERE PRODUCING TOBACCO.
VIRGINIA’S DEPENDENCE ON THIS CASH CROP CREATED THE NEED FOR FIELD LABORERS. VIRGINIA TURNED TO AFRICAN SLAVES TO WORK IN THE FIELD. DURING ITS LAST YEARS AS A COLONY 1/5 OF THE POPULATION WAS AFRICAN AMERICAN

19. MASSACHUSETTS (NORTHERN REGION)

20. YEAR MASSACHUSETTS COLONY FOUNDED: 1620 FOUNDED BY: PURITANS AND SEPARATISTS MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: JOHN WINTHROP AND PILGRIMS WISHING TO FLEE PERSECUTION AND FIND RELIGIOUS FREEDOM TRAVELED TO AMERICA AND FORMED THE PLYMOUTH COLONY IN BEFORE LANDING, THEY ESTABLISHED THEIR OWN GOVERNMENT, THE BASIS OF WHICH WAS THE MAYFLOWER COMPACT. SEPARATISTS IN ENGLAND FLED TO FIND REFUGE IN AMERICA WHERE THEY COULD CREATE A HOME FOR THEMSELVES IN THE MASSACHUSETTS COLONY. THEY CAME OVER ON THE MAYFLOWER. SIGNIFICANCE: THE PILGRIMS ABOARD THE MAYFLOWER CREATED THE MAYFLOWER COMPACT. THIS AGREEMENT WAS TO FORM A GOVERNMENT AND TO SUBMIT TO THE WILL OF THE MAJORITY SET UP THE PRECEDENT OF WRITTEN CONSTITUTIONS. IMPORTANT PEOPLE: JOHN WINTHROPE (PURITAN/MASSACHUSETTS BAY GOVERNOR); WILLIAM BRADFORD (SEPARATIST/PLYMOUTH CHOSEN GOVERNOR THIRTY TIMES IN ANNUAL ELECTIONS). IN 1628, PURITANS FORMED THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COMPANY AND MANY PURITANS CONTINUED TO SETTLE IN THE AREA AROUND BOSTON. IN 1691, PLYMOUTH COLONY JOINED WITH THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY.

21. NEW HAMPSHIRE (NORTHERN REGION)

22. YEAR FOUNDED: 1623
FOUNDED BY: JOHN MASON
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: NEW HAMPSHIRE WAS A PLANNED COLONY. THE LAND IN THE NEW WORLD WAS GRANTED TO CAPTAIN JOHN MASON WHO LIVED IN HAMPSHIRE COUNTY, ENGLAND. HE SENT SETTLERS TO THE NEW TERRITORY TO CREATE A FISHING COLONY. HOWEVER, HE DIED BEFORE EVER SEEING WHERE HE HAD SPENT A CONSIDERABLE AMOUNT OF MONEY BUILDING TOWNS AND DEFENSES.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS:
THIS COLONY WAS PART OF MASSACHUSETTS FOR 39 YEARS UNTIL ENGLAND GRANTED MASSACHUSETTS A ROYAL CHARTER IN 1679.
THEIR RATIFICATION (THEY WERE THE NINTH) OF THE CONSTITUTION ASSURED ITS PASSAGE.
IMPORTANT PEOPLE:
CAPTAIN JOHN MASON
GOVERNOR SIR JOHN WENTWORTH

23. NEW YORK (MIDDLE REGION)

24. YEAR FOUNDED: SET UP AS A DUTCH COLONY IN 1625 (ORIGINAL NAME) NEW NETHERLAND. IN 1664, CHARLES II GRANTED NEW NETHERLAND TO HIS BROTHER JAMES, DUKE OF YORK. HE JUST HAD TO TAKE IT FROM THE DUTCH. HE ARRIVED WITH A FLEET. THE DUTCH SURRENDERED WITHOUT A FIGHT; THE COLONY WAS TAKEN OVER BY ENGLISH IN FOUNDED BY: DUKE OF YORK
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: SET UP FOR TRADE AND PROFITS
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: THE NAME OF THE COLONY WAS CHANGED TO NEW YORK IN HONOR OF THE DUKE.
THE ALBANY CONGRESS OCCURRED AT ALBANY, NEW YORK IN 1754 TO HELP UNITE THE COLONIES FOR DEFENSE AGAINST THE IROQUOIS CONFEDERACY.
THE FEDERALIST PAPERS WERE PUBLISHED IN NEW YORK NEWSPAPERS TO SWAY VOTERS TO ACCEPT THE NEW CONSTITUTION.
NEW YORK WAS THE ELEVENTH STATE TO RATIFY THE CONSTITUTION.
IMPORTANT PEOPLE: JAMES, DUKE OF YORK, THOMAS DONGAN, ALEXANDER HAMILTON, PETER MINUIT

25. MARYLAND (SOUTHERN REGION)

26. IMPORTANT PERSON: LORD BALTIMORE
YEAR MARYLAND COLONY WAS FOUNDED: 1634; WAS GIVEN THE CHARTER FOR FOUNDING IN 1632
MARYLAND COLONY FOUNDED BY: LORD BALTIMORE FATHER—GEORGE CALVERT; SON—(CECIL CALVERT)
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING THE MARYLAND COLONY: LORD BALTIMORE WAS MOTIVATED BOTH BY THE DESIRE FOR PROFIT AND THE DESIRE TO CREATE A REFUGE FOR ROMAN CATHOLICS WHO WERE STILL BEING PERSECUTED IN PROTESTANT ENGLAND.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: LORD BALTIMORE RECEIVED LAND FROM KING CHARLES I TO CREATE A HAVEN FOR CATHOLICS.
HIS SON, THE SECOND LORD BALTIMORE, PERSONALLY OWNED ALL THE LAND AND COULD USE OR SELL IT AS HE WISHED.
MARYLAND WAS A PROPRIETORSHIP WHICH MEANS THAT THE PROPRIETOR HAD EXECUTIVE AUTHORITY.
TOBACCO WAS VERY PROFITABLE FOR THE COLONY.
RELIGIOUS FREEDOM FOR DIFFERENT SECTS OF CHRISTIANITY WAS WIDESPREAD, ESPECIALLY AFTER THE PASSAGE OF THE ACT OF TOLERATION IN 1649 WHICH ALLOWED FOR TOLERATION TO ALL CHRISTIANS. MARYLAND EVENTUALLY BECAME KNOWN AS A 'HAVEN FOR CATHOLICS'.
IMPORTANT PERSON: LORD BALTIMORE

27. CONNECTICUT (NORTHERN REGION)

28. YEAR CONNECTICUT COLONY FOUNDED: C
YEAR CONNECTICUT COLONY FOUNDED: C. 1635/1636; COLONISTS WERE MOVING INTO AND STARTING TOWNS IN FUTURE CONNECTICUT IN 1635 BUT THE MAIN TOWNS DID NOT JOIN TOGETHER TO FORM THE CONNECTICUT COLONY UNTIL 1636.
FOUNDED BY: THOMAS HOOKER AND A GROUP OF MASSACHUSETTS COLONISTS.
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: INDIVIDUALS FROM THE MASSACHUSETTS COLONY MOVED TO WHAT WOULD BECOME CONNECTICUT BECAUSE THEY WERE LOOKING FOR MORE FREEDOM AND FINANCIAL OPPORTUNITIES.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS:
KING CHARLES II OFFICIALLY UNITED CONNECTICUT AS A SINGLE COLONY IN 1662.
PEQUOT WAR THIS 'WAR' WAS FOUGHT BETWEEN THE SETTLERS IN CONNECTICUT AND THE PEQUOT INDIANS. BY THE END OF THE WAR, THE PEQUOT INDIANS WERE DECIMATED.
IN 1639, THREE SETTLEMENTS JOINED TO FORM A UNIFIED GOVERNMENT CREATING A DOCUMENT CALLED THE FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUT, THE FIRST WRITTEN CONSTITUTION IN AMERICA. MANY BELIEVE THAT THIS WRITTEN CONSTITUTION WOULD BECOME THE BASIS FOR THE LATER UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION.
IMPORTANT PERSON: THOMAS HOOKER

29. RHODE ISLAND (NORTHERN REGION)

30. YEAR FOUNDED: 1636
FOUNDED BY: ROGER WILLIAMS
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: ROGER WILLIAMS WAS ORDERED TO BE ARRESTED BY THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY FOR HIS BELIEFS IN SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE AND FREEDOM OF RELIGION. HE FLED AND LIVED WITH THE NARRAGANSETT NATIVE AMERICANS AND FORMED PROVIDENCE IN ANNE HUTCHINSON WAS BANISHED FOR SPEAKING OUT AGAINST THE CHURCH IN MASSACHUSETTS BAY. SHE FORMED PORTSMOUTH.
TWO OTHER SETTLEMENTS AROSE AND ALL FOUR JOINED TOGETHER WITH PERMISSION FROM ENGLAND TO FORM PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS – LATER CALLED RHODE ISLAND.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: THIS COLONY WAS THE FIRST TO GUARANTEE ALL ITS CITIZENS FREEDOM OF WORSHIP.
THE COLONY WAS FOUNDED ON SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE.
RHODE ISLAND IS KNOWN FOR ITS FIERCE INDEPENDENCE.
THE COLONY WAS THE LAST TO RATIFY THE U.S. CONSTITUTION – AFTER IT HAD ALREADY GONE INTO EFFECT AND THE GOVERNMENT HAD BEEN ESTABLISHED.
IMPORTANT PEOPLE:
ROGER WILLIAMS
ANNE HUTCHINSON

31. DELAWARE (MIDDLE REGION)

32. YEAR FOUNDED: 1638
FOUNDED BY: PETER MINUIT AND THE NEW SWEDEN COMPANY
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: ESTABLISHED BY SWEDEN (PETER MINUIT) WAS DUTCH AND FORMED NEW SWEDEN AS PART OF NEW NETHERLAND. WHEN CHARLES II, KING OF ENGLAND GAVE HIS BROTHER JAMES, THE DUKE OF YORK, NEW NETHERLAND, HE DEMANDED AND RECEIVED ITS SURRENDER (TAKEN OVER BY THE ENGLISH IN 1664). HE RENAMED NEW SWEDEN TO DELAWARE.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: THE DUKE OF YORK GRANTED WILLIAM PENN THE REGION TO GIVE PENNSYLVANIA FULL ACCESS TO THE ATLANTIC OCEAN.
ONCE CALL THE THREE LOWER COUNTIES OF PENNSYLVANIA.
DELAWARE WAS A PART OF PENNSYLVANIA UNTIL 1704.
THE COLONY WAS GOVERNED BY PENNSYLVANIA UNTIL THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR.
IMPORTANT PEOPLE: PETER MINUIT, JAMES, THE DUKE
OF YORK

33. NORTH CAROLINA (SOUTHERN REGION)

34. YEAR NORTH CAROLINA COLONY FOUNDED: 1663 FOUNDED BY: VIRGINIANS
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: IN 1653, SOME VIRGINIANS SETTLED IN WHAT WOULD BECOME NORTH CAROLINA. IN 1663, KING CHARLES II ISSUED A ROYAL CHARTER TO EIGHT NOBLES TO SETTLE THE AREA SOUTH OF VIRGINIA. THEY CREATED CAROLINA AND INCLUDED THE PREVIOUS SETTLEMENT. HOWEVER, BECAUSE OF INTERNAL PROBLEMS, THE CROWN TOOK OVER THE COLONY AND FORMED NORTH AND SOUTH CAROLINA OUT OF IT IN 1729.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: JOINT BUSINESS VENTURE WITH ENGLAND
PREVENTED THE SPANISH IN FLORIDA FROM MOVING NORTHWARD; GROWING OF DIFFERENT CROPS (WARMER CLIMATE).
THIS WAS A COLLECTION OF DISPARATE SETTLERS WHICH OFTEN LED TO INTERNAL PROBLEMS AND DISPUTES.
THE COLONY WAS ONE OF THE LAST HOLD OUTS TO RATIFY THE CONSTITUTION – AFTER IT HAD ALREADY GONE INTO EFFECT AND THE GOVERNMENT HAD BEEN ESTABLISHED.
THE LOST COLONY OF ROANOKE WAS LOCATED IN WHAT IS NOW NORTH CAROLINA.
IMPORTANT PEOPLE: WALTER RALEIGH, KING CHARLES II AND
VIRGINIANS

35. NEW JERSEY (MIDDLE REGION)
The original provinces of West and East New Jersey are shown in yellow and green
respectively. The Keith Line is shown in red, and the Coxe and Barclay line is shown in
Orange.

36. FOUNDED BY: LORD BERKELEY AND SIR GEORGE CARTERET
YEAR FOUNDED: 1664
FOUNDED BY: LORD BERKELEY AND SIR GEORGE CARTERET
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: THEY PROVIDED LIBERAL GRANTS OF LAND AND FREEDOM OF RELIGION
IN 1664, JAMES, THE DUKE OF YORK, RECEIVED CONTROL OF NEW NETHERLAND. HE GRANTED LAND TO TWO OF HIS FRIENDS, LORD BERKELEY AND SIR GEORGE CARTERET, THAT WOULD BECOME NEW JERSEY.
THE TWO ADVERTISED AND PROMISED SETTLERS MANY BENEFITS FOR COLONIZING INCLUDING REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT AND FREEDOM OF RELIGION. THE COLONY QUICKLY GREW.
QUAKERS EVENTUALLY PURCHASED BOTH OF THEIR CHARTERS AND CREATED EAST AND WEST JERSEY WHICH WERE JOINED BY THE CROWN IN 1702.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: COLONY WAS SPLIT BETWEEN EAST AND WEST JERSERY.
NEW JERSEY WAS THE THIRD STATE TO RATIFY THE CONSTITUTION.
NEW JERSEY WAS THE FIRST TO RATIFY THE BILL OF RIGHTS.
IMPORTANT PEOPLE: JAMES, DUKE OF YORK; LORD BERKELEY
SIR GEORGE CARTERET.

37. SOUTH CAROLINA (SOUTHERN REGION)

38. YEAR SOUTH CAROLINA COLONY FOUNDED: 1664
FOUNDED BY: EIGHT NOBLES WITH A ROYAL CHARTER FROM CHARLES II.
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: IN 1663, KING CHARLES II ISSUED A ROYAL CHARTER TO EIGHT NOBLES TO SETTLE THE AREA SOUTH OF VIRGINIA. THEY CREATED CAROLINA AND INCLUDED THE PREVIOUS SETTLEMENT. HOWEVER, BECAUSE OF INTERNAL PROBLEMS, THE CROWN TOOK OVER THE COLONY AND FORMED NORTH CAROLINA AND SOUTH CAROLINA OUT OF IT IN 1729.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: THE MAIN PORT WAS CHARLES TOWN (CHARLESTON); ONE OF THE WEALTHIEST COLONIES (RICE MAJOR CROP) WARMER CLIMATE.
PREVENTED THE SPANISH IN FLORIDA FROM MOVING NORTHWARD; GROWING OF DIFFERENT CROPS.
MORE REVOLUTIONARY WAR BATTLES WERE FOUGHT IN THIS COLONY THAN ANY OTHER COLONIES.
IMPORTANT PERSONS: EIGHT NOBLES WITH A ROYAL CHARTER FROM KING CHARLES II

39. PENNSYLVANIA (MIDDLE REGION)

40. FOUNDED BY: WILLIAM PENN
YEAR FOUNDED: 1681
FOUNDED BY: WILLIAM PENN
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: WILLIAM PENN FOUNDED PENNSYLVANIA WITH A LAND GRANT THAT WAS OWED HIS DECEASED FATHER BY KING CHARLES II. HIS GOAL WAS TO CREATE A COLONY THAT ALLOWED FOR FREEDOM OF RELIGION DUE TO HIS DESIRE TO PROTECT HIMSELF AND FELLOW QUAKERS FROM PERSECUTION. HE BELIEVED IN EQUALITY OF ALL PEOPLE.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: CITY OF BROTHERLY LOVE (PHILADELPHIA); PENN WISHED TO BEGIN A “HOLY EXPERIMENT.
THE COLONY WAS WELL-ADVERTISED AND BY 1700 WAS THE THIRD BIGGEST AND RICHEST COLONY IN THE NEW WORLD.
PENN ALLOWED FOR INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND RIGHT TO ELECT PUBLIC OFFICIALS (A REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLY ELECTED BY LANDOWNERS).
QUAKER RELIGION—FREEDOM OF WORSHIP AND RELIGION WAS GRANTED TO ALL CITIZENS.
THIS COLONY BECAME HOME TO MANY EUROPEAN IMMIGRANTS
IMPORTANT PERSON: WILLIAM PENN

41. GEORGIA * LAST OF THE 13 COLONIES* (SOUTHERN REGION)

42. YEAR FOUNDED: 1732
FOUNDED BY: JAMES OGLETHORPE
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: IN 1732, JAMES OGLETHORPE WAS GIVEN A CHARTER FROM KING GEORGE II TO CREATE A NEW COLONY WHICH HE WOULD NAME GEORGIA. THIS WAS LOCATED BETWEEN SOUTH CAROLINA AND FLORIDA. IT HAD TWO MAIN PURPOSES: TO SERVE AS A PLACE WHERE DEBTORS IN PRISON COULD GO TO START NEW AND IT SERVED AS A BARRIER AGAINST SPANISH EXPANSION FROM FLORIDA.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: OGLETHORPE’S POLICIES WERE: PROHIBITED SLAVERY & DRINKING OF RUM
OGLETHROPE POLICIES WERE REVERSED WHEN THE BRITISH CROWN ASSUMED DIRECT CONTROLOF THE COLONY IN 1752.
IN 1733, A GROUP OF SETTLERS JOINED OGLETHORPE TO FOUND SAVANNAH, GEORGIA.
GEORGIA BEGAN WITH THE INTENTION TO HAVE LITTLE LANDHOLDING AND NO SLAVERY. HOWEVER, WHEN IT BECAME A ROYAL COLONY IN 1752, PLANTATIONS AND SLAVERY BECAME A MAJOR PART OF THE GEORGIAN ECONOMY.
GEORGIA WAS IN THE FIRST GROUP OF STATES TO RATIFY THE NEW CONSTITUTION AFTER THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR ENDED.
IMPORTANT PEOPLE: KING GEORGE II, JAMES OGLETHORPE