1. 13 Colonies

2. Rhode Island Connecticut Massachusetts New Hampshire
New England Colonies
Rhode Island
Connecticut
Massachusetts
New Hampshire

3. New England Climate and Physical Features Rocky Soils
Short farming season
Subsistence farming
Bad farming conditions
Great harbors for port
Cities like Boston

4. Economic Comparative Advantage
New England
Economic Comparative Advantage
Commercial businesses ($$$)
Fishing
Shipping
manufacturing

5. Why colonies were started
New England
Why colonies were started
Religious freedom
Pilgrims, Puritans fled England for Massachusetts

6. The New England Colonies
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Connecticut

7. Rhode Island Founded: 1636 by Roger Williams and others, at Providence
Major Industry: Agriculture (livestock, dairy, fishing), Manufacturing (lumbering)
Major Cities: Providence
Colony Named for: Dutch for "red island"
Became a State: May 29, 1790

8. Connecticut Founded: 1636 by Thomas Hooker and others, at Hartford
Major Industry: Agriculture (wheat, corn, fishing)
Major Cities: Hartford, New Haven
Colony Named for: from an Algonquin word, quinnehtukqut, "beside the long tidal river"
Became a State: February 6, 1788

9. Massachusetts
Founded: 1630 by John Winthrop and others, at Massachusetts Bay
Major Industry: Agriculture (fishing, corn, livestock), Manufacturing (lumbering, shipbuilding)
Major Cities: Boston, Quincy, Plymouth, Salem, Lexington, Concord
Colony Named for: Massachusetts tribe (word means "large hill place")
Became a State: February 6, 1788

10. New Hampshire Founded: 1638 by John Wheelwright and others
Major Industry: Agriculture (potatoes, fishing), Manufacturing (textiles, shipbuilding)
Major Cities: Concord
Colony Named for: county of Hampshire in England
Became a State: June 21, 1788

11. Middle Colonies
Delaware
Pennsylvania
New York
New Jersey

12. Climate and Physical Features
Middle Colonies
Climate and Physical Features
Good Soil
Longer growing seasons than New England
Ok Harbors

13. Economic Comparative Advantage
Middle Colonies
Economic Comparative Advantage
Known as the “Breadbasket”
Grew crops like wheat and corn
Provided food for other colonies
Some shipping and manufacturing

14. Why colonies were started
Middle Colonies
Why colonies were started
Religious Freedom
Make money through trade (New York and New Jersey)

15. The Middle Colonies
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware

16. Delaware Founded: 1638 by Peter Minuit and others
Major Industry: Agriculture (fishing), Manufacturing (lumbering)
Major Cities: Wilmington
Colony Named for: named for the Delaware tribe and for an early governor of colonial Virginia, Lord de la Warr
Became a State: December 7, 1787

17. Pennsylvania Founded: 1682 by William Penn and others, at Philadelphia
Major Industry: Agriculture (wheat, corn, cattle, dairy), Manufacturing (textiles, papermaking, shipbuilding)
Major Cities: Philadelphia, Lancaster, York
Colony Named for: William Penn and sylvania, Latin for "forest"
Became a State: December 12, 1787

18. New York Founded: 1626 by Peter Minuit and others, on Manhattan Island
Major Industry: Manufacturing (shipbuilding, iron works), Agriculture (cattle, grain, rice, indigo, wheat)
Major Cities: New York City, Albany
Colony Named for: Duke of York
Became a State: July 26, 1788

19. New Jersey Founded: 1664 by English colonists
Major Industry: Manufacturing (ironworking, lumbering)
Major Cities: Trenton, Princeton
Colony Named for: Isle of Jersey in England
Became a State: December 18, 1787

20. Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia
Southern Colonies
Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia

21. Climate and Physical Features
Southern Colonies
Climate and Physical Features
Great Soil
Warm Weather
Very long growing seasons
Bad harbors

22. Economic Comparative Advantage
Southern Colonies
Economic Comparative Advantage
Focused on farming cash crops
Large plantation farms for tobacco, cotton, and indigo
Almost no shipping

23. Why colonies were started
Southern Colonies
Why colonies were started
Almost all were started to make money by growing cash crops
Maryland was started for religious freedom
Georgia
A place for criminals/ debtors

24. Maryland Virginia Southern Colonies Georgia North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia

25. Maryland Founded: 1633 by Lord Baltimore and others, at Baltimore
Major Industry: Manufacturing (shipbuilding, iron works), Agriculture (corn, wheat, rice, indigo)
Major Cities: Baltimore, Annapolis
Colony Named for: Queen Henrietta Maria of England
Became a State: April 28, 1788

26. Virginia Founded: 1607 by John Smith and others, at Jamestown
Major Industry: Plantation agriculture (tobacco, wheat, corn)
Major Cities: Jamestown, Williamsburg, Richmond
Colony Named for: England's "Virgin Queen," Elizabeth I
Became a State: June 25, 1788

27. North Carolina Founded: 1653 by Virginia colonists
Major Industry: Plantation agriculture (indigo, rice, tobacco)
Major Cities: Raleigh
Colony Named for: from Carolus, the Latin word for "Charles," Charles I of England
Became a State: November 21, 1789

28. South Carolina Founded: 1663 by English colonists
Major Industry: Plantation agriculture (indigo, rice, tobacco, cotton, cattle)
Major Cities: Charleston
Colony Named for: from Carolus, the Latin word for "Charles," Charles I of England
Became a State: May 23, 1788

29. Georgia Founded: 1732 by James Oglethorpe and others
Major Industry: Agriculture (indigo, rice, sugar)
Major Cities: Savannah
Colony Named for: England's King George II
Became a State: January 2, 1788

30. Reasons why the colonies began
God – Religious Freedoms
The Puritans and the Pilgrims fled from England to the colonies
Glory – Wanted the fame of starting a new country
Gold – People could make lots of money in the colonies especially on plantations

31. The Development of Democratic Ideas

32. Magna Carta-1215 1st document to limit power of English rulers
Kings and queens must obey the law too!
Major step toward constitutional government
Where? - England

33. Colonial Government – 1600s
The governor of colony represented King
Colonists voted for members of a legislature (assembly)

34. DISCUSS: In colonial government, assemblies controlled the salary of the governor. How is this an examples of Montisqieu’s separation of power?

35. Virginia House of Burgesses-1619
1st representative assembly in America
Beginning of representative government
Where? South

36. Mayflower Compact
1st document to establish self-government, popular sovereignty and rule of law in the colonies
Where? New England

37. New England Town Meetings - 1629
Meeting for townspeople to express themselves openly
Helped further direct democracy as self-government in the colonies
One vote/one person
Where? New England

38. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut- 1639
1st written constitution in the American colonies
Began a pattern of the colonists securing guaranteed rights.
constitution = a written plan for government
Where? New England

39. Maryland Toleration Act - 1649
1st document to recogonize religious freedom in the colonies
model for the 1st Amendment of the Constitution
Where? Southern

40. Bacon’s Rebellion (1676)
Governor William Berkeley agreed to keep settlers from taking Native American land.
Nathaniel Bacon disagreed strongly and led attacks on colonial government
Rebellion against an oppressive government
Where? South

41. English Bill of Rights (1689)
List of rights for the English citizens
Where? England
Discuss
Today where can US citizens look to find rights that are given?

42. Peter Zenger Trial
First case to protect the idea of freedom of the press in the colonies
Where? Middle

43. Enlightenment Thinkers

44. Enlightenment Thinkers Ideas
They argued that the laws of nature also applied to human life and society.

45. John Locke (England) Viewpoints All humans have “natural rights” Life
Liberty
Property
In order to have their “natural rights” protected, humans give up certain freedoms to Government
If gov’t does NOT protect your Rights, citizens can OVERTHROW it!!!

46. DISCUSS: When you go through airport security, what freedoms might you give up? Which one of your “natural rights” is the government protecting?

47. Baron de Montesquieu (France)
Viewpoints
Believed too much power in one place is dangerous for others
Introduced “Separation of Powers” between branches of government
Ex: England’s Government
King-enforced laws
Parliament-made laws
Judges-interpreted laws

48. DISCUSS: What might happen if Police Officers were the ones who determined the people they arrested guilty instead of judges or juries?

49. Jean Jacques Rousseau (France)
Viewpoints
Humans will destroy themselves if they don’t give up some freedoms
Humans create a “social contract” with government to protect themselves

50. Discuss: How are speed limits examples of the social contract?

51. Voltaire (France & England)
Viewpoints
Believed in Civil Liberties
Trial by Jury of peers
Freedom of Religion
Freedom of Speech

52. DISCUSS: Voltaire once said: “I may not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your RIGHT to say it.” What do you think he meant by that?