1. Passive

2. When do we use the passive voice? When we dont know who did the action When we dont care who did it When were not interested in the actionjust in the results of the action When its obvious who did it The result of the action…

3. אנו משתמשים בסביל כאשר: אין הכרח, או אי אפשר, לציין את מבצע הפעולה: The school was founded in 1967. My brother was wounded in the war. בשני המשפטים הללו עושי הפעולה אינם העיקר. אנו מתעניינים במקבלי הפעולה, שהם נושאי המשפט הסביל.

4. אנו משתמשים בסביל כאשר: המדבר רוצה להדגיש את מקבל הפעולה: My neighbor was arrested This house was designed many years ago. ייתכן שמבצעי הפעולה ידועים, אך הם אינם מוקד ענייננו.

5. אנו משתמשים בסביל כאשר: המדבר רוצה להביע דעה אובייקטיבית, דעה נפוצה או רעיון מקובל, בניגוד לחוות דעתו האישית: It is believed that there will be an election next year. The house was said to be haunted by ghosts.

6. Other examples of the passive The fire was caused by a cigarette. The results have just been published. Hebrew is spoken in Israel. Dinner is served! We dont care who is serving it! Lets eat. We dont know who caused it. Were not interested in who published themwe want to know about the results! Its obvious who speaks Hebrew people in Israel.

7. למשפט בסביל שלושה חלקים שסדרם קבוע 1. מקבל הפעולה - נושא המשפט 2. הפועל to be, המראה את tense המשפט והמתואם לנושאו. 3. הפועל העיקרי בצורת V3 The roomwaspaintedlast week. The roomis being painted now.

8. Active sentences: Subject – verb - object John wrote the essay. Who wrote the essay? John did! The subject of the sentence is: John. What did he write? The essay! The object of the sentence is: the essay.

9. The essay was written by John. Passive sentences: object – verb (by subject) objectsubject past tense of the verb to be V3 of the verb write

10. סללו את הכביש אתמול. מי סלל את הכביש ? הם ! אמרו לי להתקשר אליך. מי אמר לי ? מישהו. הסתפרתי. מי סיפר אותי ? לא חשוב. אבל איך התספורת שלי ? התקבלתי ללהקה. מי קיבל אותי ללהקה ? אני לא יודע בדיוק... English vs. Hebrew In English, you cant talk about some anonymous they or somebody. You need to use the passive voice.

11. I m already confused! No wonder! Each tense in English has its own form of the passive. The passive voice consists of two parts: the verb to be and the V3

12. Simple Forms Present Simple am / is / are + V3 English is spoken in Hong Kong. Both Hebrew and Arabic are spoken in Israel. Past Simple was / were + V3 He was hit by a car. They were hit, too. Future Simple will be + V3The project will be finished on time. Present Perfect Simple has / have + been + V3 The invitations have already been sent out. The letter has been mailed, too.

13. I was told to come at 7:00 to the meeting. אמרו לי להגיע ב - 7:00 לפגישה. I was sent an invitation in the mail. שלחו לי הזמנה בדואר I have already been told about it. מישהו כבר סיפר לי על זה. Translate these sentences:

14. Are these sentences active or passive? 1. The plane crashed in Angola. Active 2. Wheat is grown in the United States. Passive 3. You may invite only ten classmates to your party. Active 4. We have to finish this assignment by Tuesday. Active 5. The Hobbit was written by J. R. R. Tolkien. Passive 6. I was born in Morocco. Passive

15. Active: Someone feeds the baby every morning at 8. Passive: The baby is fed every morning at 8. If the subject of the sentence isnt specific (someone), you dont have to use it in a passive sentence. Active: A drunk driver caused the accident. Passive: The accident was caused by a drunk driver. Here, the subject is specific and important (a drunk driver) so it should be part of the sentence. Convert these sentences from active to passive:

16. Progressive Forms and Modals Past Progressive was / were + being + V3 All day I had the feeling I was being watched. Present Progressive am / is / are + being + V3 I am being followed. You are being followed, too. Modalsmodal + be + V3 The window must be fixed. The door should be repaired, too. Future Pastwould be + V3You told me it would be done by today!

17. 1.When we want to emphasize the action, rather than who did it: We could say: Bezek is fixing my telephone. But who s fixing it is less important that the fixing itself! So we can say: My telephone is being fixed. Remember! When do we use the passive?

18. 2. When the doer of the action is unknown, unimportant, or obvious My wallet has been stolen! (we don t know who stole it) The results are being announced now. (we don t care who s announcing them) English is spoken here. (obviously, it s spoken by the people here!) More uses:

19. Fred asked Simon. a) Simon was asked by Fred. b) Simon had been asked by Fred c) Simon is asked by Fred. Harry will meet you at the airport. a) You will have been met by Harry at the airport. b) You will be met by Harry at the airport. c) You would be met by Harry at the airport. Lets practice! 1/3

20. Tom respects Lindsay's opinion. a) Lindsay's opinion would be respected by Tom. b) Lindsay's opinion was respected by Tom. c) Lindsay's opinion is respected by Tom. Jane upset me by what she said. a) I would be upset by what Jane said. b) I was upset by what Jane said. c) I would have been upset by what Jane said. Lets practice! 2/3

21. The police arrested 12 people. a) 12 people were arrested by the police. b) 12 people have been arrested by the police. c) 12 people should be arrested by the police. Sheila might come to see you tomorrow. a) You might be visited by Sheila tomorrow. b) You will might be visited by Sheila tomorrow. c) You would be visited by Sheila tomorrow. Lets practice! 3/3

22. Patients ___ (treat) in hospitals. The walls of the house ___ (just/paint). The newspaper ___ (bring) yesterday. Tomorrow all the tests ___ (check). The car ___ (already/repair), now we can use it. Now you try 1/2! are treated were just painted was brought will be checked is already repaired

23. This book___ (read) at our lesson right now. To be honest it is not interesting, but a discussion about the characters of the book ___ (hold) next lesson, so we have no choice. Now you try 2/2! is being read, will be held

24. The policemen help the children. Mr Jones watches films. The people speak English. I take photos. Can you do these! The children were helped by the policemen. Films are watched by Mr. Jones. English is spoken by the people. Photos are taken by myself.

25. 1.The book should have returned to the library on time. 2.Did he was told about the concert? 3.This suit made in China. 4.I born in 1990. 5.Your pictures are developed right now. 6.This problem has been existed for a long time. Spot the error!

26. Check your answers. 1.The book should have returned to the library on time. 2.Did he was told about the concert? 3.This suit made in China. 4.I born in 1990. 5.Your pictures are developed right now. 6.This problem has been existed for a long time. 1.The book should have been returned … 2.Was he told about … 3.This suit was made in … 4.I was born in 1990. 5.Your pictures are being developed … 6.This problem has existed for a long time. (not a passive sentence!)

27. Now…... ….its your turn!