1. 9.1 Questions

2. 1. What idea did Protestant revivalist Charles Grandison Finney emphasize in his sermons?
Second Great Awakening
Religious reformation
Main idea: Everyone has the power to reform himself
Lyman Beecher added to this: people reform selves leads to good people living in a good country

3. 2. What social conditions contributed to the growth of transcendentalism, the temperance movement, and utopian communities?
Poverty, alcoholism, illiteracy, overcrowded housing, poor healthcare, abuse of women, declining moral values

4. 3. Why did Horace Mann favor free public education?
Democracy cannot survive without literate people
Learn to read, write, and become good citizens
Education also taught manners, discipline, religion, respect
The absolute right to an education of every human being that comes into the world
NOT in Constitution
Many women and African Americans denied right

5. 4. What impact did Dorothea Dix have on prison reform during the mid-1800s?
Visited hospitals and focused on mentally ill
Treated them as patients, not prisoners
Led to greater awareness of mentally ill
Creation of many mental hospitals

6. 5. Your Reformer
Horace Mann, Dorothea Dix, Charles Grandison Finney, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau

7. Key Themes and Ideas 1800s were NOT a pleasant time period
See question 2
Reforms were need to improve society
Religious- Protestant
Philosophical- Transcendentalist
Def- instinct and spiritual > observation
Social- Temperance and Abstinence
Educational
Reforms not completely successful
Segregation, poverty, and laziness often succeeded