1. Poetry Unit

2. What is a Poem? A piece of writing that partakes of the nature of both speech and song that is nearly always rhythmical, usually metaphorical, and often exhibits such formal elements as meter, rhyme, and stanzaic structure

3. Form The way the poem looks on a page Poems are written in lines – Does not always need to be a complete sentence Lines are grouped into stanzas Structured Form – lines in a stanza have a regular, repeated pattern Free Verse – poems without a regular pattern

4. Speaker Speaker is usually the voice within the poem (point of view)

5. Sound Poems are meant to be read aloud Poets use four techniques to appeal to readers: – Rhyme – Rhythm – Repetition – Onomatopoeia

6. Rhyme and Rhythm Rhyme – the repetition of similar sounds at the end of words (place, face, chase) Poems will use rhyme schemes where every line ends with a certain sound – ABAB, AABB, ABCB, etc. Rhythm – pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in each line – Meter – regular, repeated arrangement of syllables

7. Repetition and Onomatopoeia Repetition – use of sounds, words, phrases, or whole lines to emphasize an idea Alliteration – repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words – Bob blew bubbles before Brian blew up balloons. Onomatopoeia – use of words whose sounds suggest their meaning – crack, boom, bang

8. Imagery and Figurative Language Imagery – language that appeals to the reader’s five senses—sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch Figurative Language – help readers picture ordinary things in new ways – Simile – Metaphor – Analogy

9. Figurative Language Simile – comparison using like or as Metaphor – comparison without using like or as Analogy – comparison of things dissimilar in ways to show that they might be similar – “His bedroom is a tomb.”

10. Personification When a poet describes an animal or an object as if had human features – “The warm smile of the sun. The cold frown of the moon. Windows chatter with the howling wind.”

11. How to Read Poetry Preview the poem, read the title, then read the poem three times—first time silent, next two times aloud Visualize the images Clarify unfamiliar words and phrases Make inferences Evaluate the theme and identify the voice Make connections

12. Famous Poets William Shakespeare Robert Frost Emily Dickinson Maya Angelou Walt Whitman Langston Hughes T.S. Eliot Shel Silverstein

13. Types of Poetry The types of poetry we will be writing: – Limerick – Haiku – Ballad – Lyric – Free verse

14. Limerick Poem Funny poem containing stanzas of five lines Rhyme Pattern: Last words of the first, second, and fifth line must rhyme (rhymes A)—then, the words in the third and fourth lines must be a different rhyme (rhymes B) – AABBA rhyme scheme Rhythm: – First, second, fifth lines: da DUM da da DUM da da DUM – Third, fourth: da DUM da da DUM

15. “A Clumsy Young Fellow Named Tim” There ONCE was a FELlow named TIM (A) whose DAD ne-ver TAUGHT him to SWIM. (A) He FELL off a DOCK (B) and SUNK like a ROCK. (B) And THAT was the END of HIM. (A)

16. Haiku Poem Originated from Japan Consist of three lines First and last lines have five syllables Second line has seven syllables Haiku poems rarely rhyme

17. “Haiku of the Blue” Somewhere in my heart Is a vast ocean of joy Watch the waves rise; fall

18. Ballad Poem A poem that tells a story, used often in songs First line should draw the reader in Rhyme scheme: – AABB, CCBB, DDBB, EEBB, etc. – The third line should be reused throughout the entire ballad in each stanza’s third line, with the fourth line rhyming with it

19. “Mean Toad Man” I walked along the winding road To my eyes appeared a hopping toad Follow me friend, into the deep— Away I follow, arm in arm with a sheep. ‘Twas a frightful sight of the past This toad showed me what didn’t last Follow me friend, into the deep— Away I follow, and I weep…and I weep.

20. Lyric Poem Poem to express personal and emotional feelings Do not have to rhyme, but rhyming adds character Not particularly long

21. “A Pirate’s Heart” Me heart is cold and empty The treasure’s chest of the dead But I dread, the song of the sea Which leaves me soggy bread And not a moment of glee

22. Free Verse Poem A poem without following any rhyme scheme or rhythm Can be written about a variety of topics and feelings

23. “The Cat and Cone” He wandered over to the broken crisp Of the cone that lie helpless Beneath the glaring sun Attack! The beast pounces A second death the cone endures One day, the cone may return

24. Picture Poetry Draw a doodle to emphasize the poem Made famous by Shel Silverstein