1. Human Geography Chapter 4, Unit 1 Language, Religion, and Population

2. Chapter 4 What are the two main branches of geography? Physical geography is the branch of natural science which deals with the study of processes and patterns in the natural environment. Human geography is the branch of geography dealing with how human activity affects or is influenced by the earth.

3. Language Language is a huge part of culture. It helps us establish and understand our identity, helps people who live in the same area feel like they belong, and is a way which culture travels from person to person. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis states that language actually changes how we view the world. Some languages have certain words for ideas which don’t exist in other languages. Another example is family – in Chinese for example, there are different words for each specific family member.

4. Words we don’t have in English but desperately need: Espirit d’escalier- French; Thinking of a witty comeback when it is too late. Backpfeifengesicht- German; A face that wants to be punched. Gigil- Filipino; The overwhelming urge to squeeze or pinch something that is very cute

5. Language A dialect is a version of a language. It reflects changes in speech patterns related to: Class Region Cultural change Example: the many dialects of China

6. How do languages evolve?

7. Religion Religion consists of a belief in a supernatural power or powers that are usually regarded as the creators and maintainers of the universe. Monotheistic religions believe in one god. Polytheistic religions belief in many. Animistic religions (animism) believe in the divine forces of nature. Religions spreads through cultural diffusion – a good example of this is the spread of Buddhism on the Silk Road.

8. Population Geography Population geography studies how many people live in a given area and how their population is affected by geography. Look at the chart on the next slide. What does it show and what does it mean?

10. Worldwide Population Growth Birthrate is the number of live births per thousand population. Fertility rate is the number of children a woman of childbearing years may have in her lifetime.

11. Mortality rate – or death rate – is the number of deaths per thousand people Infant mortality rate – shows the number of deaths among infants under age one per thousand live births Rate of Natural Increase = Birthrate – Mortality Rate Also known as the “population growth rate”

12. Population Pyramids What is the key point which determines the growth rate of a population?

13. Population Distribution and Density Population distribution: the study of where people tend to live Population Density: the number of people in a given area – usually in square kilometers or square miles Carrying Capacity: the ability for the environment to hold people

14. Population Density

15. Earth at Night

16. Migration Migration is the movement of people from one place to another Migration usually exists as a result of push-pull factors. Push factor: something requires a person or people to move – pushes them out Pull factor: something makes a person want to move to a new place

17. Who Rules?Who Rules? Types of government