1. MODERN AFRICA (1945-PRESENT)

2. THE END OF COLONIALISM IN AFRICA
BY THE EARLY 1900s NATIONALISM (PRIDE & DEVOTION TO ONE’S COUNTRY) WAS EVIDENT IN AFRICA.
NATIONALISM GREW OUT OF A DESIRE TO END EUROPEAN RULE.

3. AFRICA: POST WW II
AS WW II ENDED, INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENTS GAINED STRENGTH IN AFRICA.
THE WAR WEAKENED COLONIAL POWERS SUCH AS ENGLAND & FRANCE.
THE USSR CONDEMNED IMPERIALISM & AIDED SOME NATIONALIST MOVEMENTS.
THE U.S. SPOKE OUT AGAINST COLONIALISM.

4. NEW NATIONS EMERGE
SLOWLY EUROPEAN NATIONS REALIZED THEY MUST GIVE UP THEIR COLONIAL EMPIRES.
IN 1950 AFRICA HAD ONLY 4 INDEPENDENT NATIONS (LIBERIA, ETHIOPIA, EGYPT & SOUTH AFRICA).
DURING THE 1950s & 60s, AFRICAN DEMANDS FOR FREEDOM LED TO THE BIRTH OF MANY NEW NATIONS.

5. COMMON PROBLEMS IN THE MODERN ERA, MUCH OF AFRICA HAS STRUGGLED WITH:
POVERTY
HEALTH ISSUES
OTHER QUALITY OF LIFE ISSUES
WAR & GENOCIDE

6. POVERTY IN AFRICA
POVERTY IN AFRICA IS HIGHER THAN IN OTHER DEVELOPING REGIONS.
MANY AFRICANS LACK THE INCOME NECESSARY TO SATISFY BASIC HUMAN NEEDS (FOOD, SHELTER, HEALTHCARE).

7. HEALTH ISSUES AFRICA HAS THE WORLD’S HIGHEST INFANT MORTALITY RATE…
LACK OF BASIC HEALTHCARE
THE AIDS (ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME) EPIDEMIC HAS BEEN RAVISHING AFRICA SINCE THE DISEASE WAS IDENTIFIED IN 1980:
IN MILLION PEOPLE WERE SICK WITH AIDS OR INFECTED WITH HIV, THE VIRUS THAT CAUSES AIDS.

8. AIDS IN AFRICA 70% OF THE WORLD’S VICTIMS LIVE IN AFRICA.
REASONS FOR HIGH AFRICAN AIDS RATES:
SOCIAL NORMS
POVERTY
LACK OF EDUCATION
POLITICAL INDIFFERENCE
HIV/AIDS IS A THREAT TO PHYSICAL HEALTH AND ALSO TO ECONOMIC HEALTH, EXACERBATING AFRICA’S CHRONIC POVERTY.
PBS/Frontline: The Age of Aids (13 min 29 sec)

9. OTHER QUALITY OF LIFE CONCERNS
POLITICAL CORRUPTION
WORLD’S LOWEST LITERACY RATE
LACK OF SAFE DRINKING WATER
LOWEST LIFE EXPECTANCY RATES:
U.S.: 77
WORLD: 63
AFRICA: 52

10. CIVIL WAR AND GENOCIDE
CIVIL WAR OCCURRED BECAUSE AFRICAN STATES HAVE FREQUENTLY BEEN HAMPTERED BY INSTABILITY, CORRUPTION, VIOLENCE AND AUTHORITARIANISM
GENOCIDE IS THE DELIBERATE, SYSTEMATIC KILLING OF A GROUP OF PEOPLE BECAUSE OF THEIR RACE, RELIGION OR ETHNICITY.

11. YESTERDAY’s WARM UP:
What were some of the reasons for emerging nations in Africa in the 1950s and 1960s?
Nationalism (pride in their countries)
USSR & US were condemning colonialism (to get countries on “their side”)
European nations were war torn and had to focus on themselves, not colonies

12. Activity: Africa Map/Catch Up Day
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Date: 11/8/12
Activity: Africa Map/Catch Up Day
Warm Up:
-Homework:
*Africa map and questions due tomorrow
*notebook quiz tomorrow
*Unit test next Friday
*Bonus due Tues 11/13 Pg
Assignment
Date 43
Africa Power Point Worksheet
11/5 44
Africa Sloppy Notes p1 45
Africa Sloppy Notes p2 46
Africa Sloppy Notes p3 & Qs 47
Africa Map
11/7 48
Africa Map Assignment 49
Bonus Opportunity 50
Israel Sloppy Notes
11/8 51 52
Israel Power Point Worksheet

13. Formation of Israel ppt notes
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History Pg
Assignment
Date 35
Decolonization PPT Notes
10/18 36
India Sloppy Notes Packet 37
India Questions 38
Africa PPT Notes
10/23 39
Africa Reading 40
Africa G.O. & Questions 41
Formation of Israel ppt notes
10/28 42
Unit 2 Review Packet
Date: 10/28/13
Activity: Africa Qs, Formation of Israel
Warm Up: Why did so many African nations fall into civil war soon after they gained their independence?
Homework:
-Review Packet due before test on Friday
-ALL LATE WORK for unit 2 due by Friday
-Unit 2 Test Friday 11/1

14. Activity: Africa Notes /Review
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History Pg
Assignment
Date 38
Africa PPT Notes
10/23 39
Africa Reading 40
Africa G.O. & Questions 41
Formation of Israel ppt notes
10/28 42
Unit 2 Review Packet 43
Suez Crisis Reading
10/29 44
Suez Crisis Notes
Date: 10/30/13
Activity: Africa Notes /Review
Warm Up:
Which country in southwestern Africa was a battleground of the Cold War?
Homework:
-Review Packet due before test on Friday
-ALL LATE WORK for unit 2 due by Friday
-Unit 2 Test Friday 11/1

15. Today’s Warm Up:
Why did so many African nations fall into civil war soon after gained their independence?
-There was a lot of instability and corruption, violence an authoritarianism

16. Ghana Tactics used by Nkrumah: Strikes Boycotts Nkrumah’s reforms:
Tactics used by Nkrumah:
Strikes
Boycotts
Nkrumah’s reforms:
New roads, schools
Expanded health facilities
Programs for industrialization,
Health and welfare programs
Expanded educational facilities
Problems:
Costs of reforms hurt economy and strengthened his opposition.
When he was out of country, the army and police seized control and was under civilian and police power until 2000 when they had first election
Ghana

17. Tactics used by Mau Mau:
Tactics used by Mau Mau:
Guerilla warfare used to push
White farmers into leaving
Highlands.
Kenyatta’s reforms:
Unite various ethnic & language Groups.
Problems:
Corruption in Moi’s government and ethnic conflicts that killed hundreds and left thousands homeless.
Kenya

18. Zaire How independence was gained: Belgium plundered rubber and
How independence was gained:
Belgium plundered rubber and
Copper in the Congo, treated
Harshly and provided no services
-granted independence in 1960
-Transition to independence was
In upheaval
Mobutu’s rule:
Seized power in 1965 for 32 yrs
-ruled through force, one-party rule and bribes to supporters.
Overthrown in 1997
Problems:
Promises of democracy by Kabila (renamed Democratic Republic of Congo) never came and civil war ensued.
Kabila assassinated, son took over and has worked towards peace. (still pres)
Zaire

19. Algeria How independence was gained: FLN (Algerian National Liberation
How independence was gained:
FLN (Algerian National Liberation
Front) (approx. 9 mil) fought
French (.5 mil troops) and won
Independence in July 1962
Ben Bella’s program:
Socialist –overthrown in 1965
Problems:
Unemployment and dissatisfaction with the government contributed to the rise of religious fundamentalists wanted an Islamic state.
-Civil war continues on and off
-Gov resisted FIS (Islamic Salvation Front) election win 1990
Algeria

20. Angola How independence was gained: Portugal sent 50,000 troops to
How independence was gained:
Portugal sent 50,000 troops to
Hold on to Angola in withdrew in
1975 after huge costs and
Opposition from home.
Causes of civil war:
Right after independence (commi) MPLA Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola) vs
Soviet Union and Cuba backed them
UNITA(National Union for the Total Independence) backed by US and South Africa
Other problems:
Strained Cold War relations even more with USSR and US
Civil war from when they finally signed a LASTING peace accord.
Angola

21. Africa Questions
1. List the four problems that have been common to many African nations in the modern (post WW II) era:
Poverty
Health Issues
Standard of Living Problems
Civil War and Genocide
2. What is the term for pride and devotion to one’s country?
Nationalism 

22. Africa Questions
3. What were the only four independent African nations prior to 1950?
Liberia
Ethiopia
Egypt
South Africa
4. What was the Negritude Movement?
-a movement to celebrate African culture, heritage and values

23. Africa Questions
5. What was the first African nation to gain its independence? -Ghana 6. Who was the leader of the movement to liberate the Gold Coast and how did he go about doing it? -Kwame Nkrumah and he went about it in a non-violent campaign of strikes and boycotts

24. Africa Questions:
7. What large Central African country was once a colony of Belgium?
The Congo (Zaire) 
8. What resources did Belgium ruthlessly plunder from the Congo?
Rubber and copper

25. Africa Questions
9. How did the civil war in Angola contribute to tensions in the Cold War?
The USSR backed the Communists (MPLA) and the US backed the UNITA (like Nationalists)
10. Why did so many African nations fall into civil war soon after gained their independence?
-There was a lot of instability and corruption, violence an authoritarianism

26. Africa Map Questions Great Britain and France Madagascar and Comoros
1. Which two European countries had the largest colonial empires in Africa in 1914?
Great Britain and France
2. What are the two African island nations?
Madagascar and Comoros

27. Africa Map Questions Belgium 45+ would be acceptable. 54 to be exact.
3. The Democratic Republic of the Congo used to be controlled by what European nation?
Belgium
4. Based on your map, how many African nations are there?
45+ would be acceptable. 54 to be exact.
Why is this significant?

28. Africa Map Questions
5. How do you think African political stability and unity is affected by the large number of African nations?
It is difficult to have stability and unity with so many nations with different forms of governments and goals.

29. Africa Map Questions
6. Explain what the cartoon map is trying to show about the history of Africa:
It’s trying to show how each European nation was pulling at a different part of Africa to have control over it.
7. Using your current knowledge, what highly valuable natural resources found in Africa do you think the European nations were interested in gaining access to?
Gold, rubber, copper, diamonds

30. Activity: Africa Map review Israel Ppt
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Date: 11/14/12
Activity: Africa Map review Israel Ppt
Warm Up: Why was Israel so concerned about Egypt’s seizure of the Suez Canal?
-Homework:
*Review sheets due TOMORROW for full credit
*Unit test Friday
covering India, China, Africa and Israel Pg
Assignment
Date 43
Africa Power Point Worksheet
11/5 44
Africa Sloppy Notes p1 45
Africa Sloppy Notes p2 46
Africa Sloppy Notes p3 & Qs 47
Africa Map
11/7 48
Africa Map Assignment 49
Bonus Opportunity 50
Israel Sloppy Notes
11/8 51 52
Israel Power Point Worksheet

31. On the 3x5 card you picked up..
Write your name
Place your strengths in these categories in order from best to worst
Organization
Writing
Art/Creativity
Research

32. Why was Israel so concerned about Egypt’s seizure of the Suez Canal?
When they blocked the Suez Canal, they blocked the ability for Israel to import and export from the rest of the world.
This is why Britain and France were upset as well.
This was also significant regarding the Cold War because USSR backed Egypt and the US stayed out of it.

34. SOMALIA: A CASE STUDY IN OUTSIDE INTERVENTION
CIVIL WAR ERUPTED IN 1988 BETWEEN RIVAL WARLORDS AND ALSO AGAINST THE GOV’T WHICH CEASED TO EXIST BY 1992.
MASSIVE STARVATION FOLLOWED.
THE RED CROSS & U.N. SENT FOOD BUT MUCH WAS STOLEN BY THE WARLORDS.
IN DEC. 1992, PRES. GEORGE H. W. BUSH INITIATED “OPERATION RESTORE HOPE” SO THAT AID COULD BE DELIVERED & PROTECTED. PRES. CLINTON CONTINUED THIS OPERATION.
SOMALIS WELCOMED U.S. TROOPS BELIEVING THEY WOULD REMAIN NEUTRAL.
WITH STABILITY RESTORED, THE U.N. TOOK OVER THE MISSION.

35. “NATION BUILDING” IN SOMALIA
AS THE U.N. MADE EFFORTS TO REBUILD SOMALIA, LOCALS NO LONGER SAW U.S. TROOPS AS NEUTRAL.
IN OCT U.S. FORCES WERE SENT TO APPREHEND A LEADING WARLORD WHO HAD KILLED 24 PEACEKEEPERS.
OUTCOMES:
18 U.S. SOLDIERS WERE KILLED
WARLORD ELUDED CAPTIVITY
U.S. FORCES WERE WITHDRAWN
THE U.S. LOST ITS APPETITE FOR HUMANITARIAN-BASED INTERVENTION

36. RWANDA: A CASE STUDY IN GENOCIDE
RWANDA WAS THE SCENE OF ONE OF AFRICA’S MOST VICIOUS CIVIL WARS.
AT LEAST 500,000 PEOPLE WERE KILLED DUE TO FIGHTING BETWEEN 2 RIVAL ETHNIC GROUPS: TUTSIS & HUTUS.
THE KILLING WAS SO GREAT IN SCALE THAT IT WAS LABELED GENOCIDE.
GENOCIDE IS THE DELIBERATE, SYSTEMATIC KILLING OF A GROUP OF PEOPLE BECAUSE OF THEIR RACE, RELIGION OR ETHNICITY.

37. RWANDA: A CASE STUDY IN INACTION
AFTER ITS EXPERIENCE IN SOMALIA, THE U.S. CHOSE TO LET THE U.N. DEAL WITH RWANDA.
EVENTUALLY THE U.N. VOTED TO WITHDRAW MOST OF ITS FORCES, PAVING THE WAY FOR ADDITIONAL BLOODSHED.
HAD THE CIVILIZED WORLD ABANDONED ITS PLEDGE MADE AT THE END OF WW II TO NEVER AGAIN STAND BY WHILE GENOCIDE OCCURRED?