1. WWI Chapter 16

3. WWI colored alliance map

4. World map here

5. 4 MAIN Reasons for World War I M A I N ilitarism lliances mperialism ationalism Long term causes

6. Alliances Militarism Imperialism Nationalism

7. Alliances Agreements among nations to aid each other if attacked Russian agreements to protect smaller Slavic nations Emergence of Allies and Central Powers

8. Militarism Military power seen as symbol of national prestige Glorification of war by all powers Arms race among great powers Influential military leaders Belief in Social Darwinism

9. Nationalism Aggressive Pride in your Country French revenge against Germany for taking Alsace and Lorraine German pride in military power and industrial growth Serbian desire to create a south Slav state and Pan-Slavism

10. Imperialism British concern over German growth and competition for colonies Economic rivalries among Britain, Germany, and France British and French desire to contain German claims in Africa

16. Patriotic photo here Video Link: Ad Council Freedom

17. Archduke Francis Ferdinand visits Sarajevo – Britain declares war on Germany Outbreak of War The spark that ignites WWI Flowchart 8-10 items Pg 501-502

18. Archduke Francis Ferdinand visits Sarajevo Ferdinand (A-H) assassinated A-H, with Germany’s help, declares war on Serbia Serbia seeks help from Russia Germany declares war on Russia whose ally is France Germany declares war on France Germany invades Belgium to attack France, (schlieffen Plan) to Protect neutral Belgium, Britain declares war on Germany Outbreak of War The spark that ignites WWI

19. Trench Warfare Main type of fighting in WWI Its where soldiers dug deep ditches to fight in –No man’s Land- Area between opposing armies’ trenches

21. Trench Questions 1.Where do the soldiers sleep? 2.Where do they eat? 3.Where do the use the bathroom? 4.What if it rains? 5.What are some of the hazards of trench life?

22. WWI New Technologies

23. 1. Machine Guns Made it easy for a few soldiers to cover a large area –Made the cavalry obsolete

24. 2) Tanks Armored vehicles that led troop advances –Slow, undependable, not heavily armed- –Not much of a threat in WWI

25. 3) Poison Gas Caused slow painful deaths –First used by Germans who let it blow across the land, later shot in canisters –Chlorine gas- Green gas that attacked the respiratory system –Mustard gas- odorless gas, more deadly, affected the eyes, dried out the lungs, caused blisters (mustard colored)

28. 4) Airplanes Flying vehicles used in observation (recon) –Had little effect on the war –Dogfights- one on one airplane fighting Red Barron Richtoffen, German flying ace

30. 5) U-Boats Underwater boat used to sink ships –Used by Germans –Major impact on the war Blockade of Britain Caused the USA to enter the war

31. Russian Revolution Heavy losses before WWI and during WWI caused discontent among the Russian people –2 million killed, 4 to 6 million captured or wounded Bad leadership on the Battlefield and from czar –Rasputin- influential advisor to the throne that caused corruption and bad decisions Lenin- communist leader that sent back to Russia by the Germans, –led the Russian Revolution –Sets up the soviet Union Russia pulls out of war in 1917 –Gives up land to the Germans in Brest Litovst treaty

32. USA enters WWI

33. 1914 USA was neutral country –US had a foreign policy of isolationism (not being involved in other countries business) 1917 the USA enters WWI on the side of the allies –WHY?

34. Blank 1914 europe map

35. USA and allies 1.USA could not trade with the Central Powers 2.USA and UK have Common _______ 1.Language 2.Government 3.Heritage 3.Unrestricted Submarine warfare( Germans) 1.Sinking of the Lusitania- UK passenger ship w/ Americans on it

36. USA and allies 4.The Zimmerman Letter 1.From Germany to Mexico asking for an invasion of the USA 1917 USA enters the war on the allied side 5.Wilson claimed that WWI was “The war to end all war”

37. Ending the War Germany able to fully focus on France France and UK are battling war-weariness –Ready for an end to fighting Germany’s last major offensive on France to knock out the allies before the US could arrive in force –Stalled 50 miles from Paris Fresh US soldiers along with the allied forces push the Germans back Germans ask for peace before they are fully taken over

38. Aftermath

39. CountryDeadWoundedMissingTotal Australia58,150152,170-210,320 Austria-Hungary922,0003,600,000855,2835,377,283 Belgium102,000450,000-552,000 Britain658,7002,032,150359,1503,050,000 Bulgaria87,500152,39027,029266,919 Canada56,500149,700-206,200 France1,359,0004,200,000361,6505,920,650 Germany1,600,0004,065,000103,0005,768,000 Greece5,00021,0001,00027,000 India43,20065,1755,875114,250 Italy689,000959,100-1,424,660 Japan30090731,210 Montenegro3,00010,0007,00020,000 New Zealand16,13040,750-56,880 Portugal7,22213,75112,31833,291 Romania335,706120,00080,000535,706 Russia1,700,0005,000,000-6,700,000 Serbia45,000133,148152,958331,106 Turkey250,000400,000-650,000 USA58,480189,95514,290262,725 Totals7,996,88821,755,1961,979,55631,508,200

40. Armistice Day (an agreement to end fighting) –Nov. 11, 1918 Wilson’s 14 points to everlasting peace –Peace without a winner –International body of nations (League of Nations) »USA would not join the League Various Treaties were made with individual countries Treaty of Versailles (allies and Germany) –War guilt clause-placed all the blame on Germany and they had to repay France and Britain for war damages Germany, Russia and Austria-Hungary all lose land