1. WORLD WAR I

2. ESSENTIAL QUESTION Why did Europe seem ready for a large war?

3. COLONIAL WARS Small wars to see who would take a nation. EX: Battle of Plessey- U.K and France fight over colonizing Egypt EX. Boer War- U.K.-Neth. Fight over colonizing South Africa

4. MILITARISM Who would have most powerful army.

5. INDEPENDENCE Nations wanting to be free of colonizers. EX: Balkan War- Serbia fighting for independence from Austria-Hungary.

6. ALLIANCES Nations join forces in case of attack.

7. ESSENTIAL QUESTION What alliances were formed in early 1900’s?

8. TRIPLE ENTENTE France, Russia and Great Britain.

9. TRIPLE ALLIANCE Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary (A.H.)

10. ESSENTIAL QUESTION What event set off World War I?

11. ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND Heir to throne of A.H., assassinated by: BLACK HAND- Serbian independence group.

12. CHAIN REACTION A.H. declares war on Serbia. Russia declares war on A.H. Germany declares war on Russia. France declares war on Germany. U.K declares war on Germany.

13. NEUTRALITY Not taking a side in the war. EX: Italy and United States (U.S.), both would join later.

14. ESSENTIAL QUESTION How was World War I fought?

15. TRENCH WAR Both sides dug ditches for protection. WHY IMPORTANT- easy to defend, difficult to attack.

16. GRENADES Bombs to throw.

17. TANKS Armored vehicles. WHY IMPORTANT- could withstand bullets.

18. HOWITZERS Long range cannons. EX: Big Bertha, could shoot 75 miles.

19. SUBMARINES Underwater Boats (U-Boats). WHY IMPORTANT-torpedoes could sink ships.

20. CHEMICAL WARFARE Use of mustard and chlorine gases. Would be outlawed in future wars.

21. DOG FIGHTS Planes shoot each other out of sky. EX: Red Baron- led war with 80 ‘kills’.