1. The English establish 13 Colonies Early Colonies have mixed success The New England Colonies The Southern Colonies The Middle Colonies

2. Sir Walter Raleigh –Joint-stock company Investors seek to profit from colonies –Bought stock in the companies –Entitled them to share in any & all profits –King/Queen had to grant charter –Roanoke Island John Smith –Mercenary in France & Turkey –Captured & saved by Indians Powhatan & Pocahontas

3. Mercantilism –Economic system for making money off colonies –Raw materials sent to Europe –Finished goods sold in colonies –Used to enrich treasuries of European countries

4. Jamestown –Virginia Company receives charter in 1606 John Smith with 100 men & boys –Boredom & haughtiness –Lands near calm waters of a great bay »Chesapeake Bay named by Smith »Mouth of the James river Jamestown established in April 1607 –1st permanent English settlement in the New World Powhatan & Pocahontas John Rolfe –Tobacco becomes cash crop

5. –Headright system 50 acre land grant for anyone who could pay their way –Indentured servant Agreement to work for person paying Headright –House of Burgesses (1619) 1 st representative assembly in the colonies –Royal colony Colony owned by king

6. Jamestown

7. New England Colonies Mayflower (1620) –Separatists Pilgrims (dissenters) Mayflower Compact –Written constitution –Signed before leaving ship Plymouth colony –William Bradford –Squanto 1 st Thanksgiving (Fall 1621)

8. New England colonies Pilgrims (English Separatists) –Seeking freedom of religion Landed on Cape Cod in November 1620 –Came aboard the Mayflower Mayflower Compact –Laws of the colony signed by all men aboard the ship –Named their colony Plymouth –Half died the 1st winter Samoset –English speaking Indian –Introduced them to Squanto

9. Pilgrims

10. Pilgrims Squanto –L–Last of his tribe –T–Taught settlers to grow corn, beans, & pumpkin –A–Acted as their interpreter with other Indians 1st Thanksgiving –F–Fall of 1621 –C–Celebrated the good harvest William Bradford –G–Governor of Plymouth –L–Led the switch to private property

11. Puritans The Great Migration of the 1630s –Massachusetts Bay Company John Winthrop 11 ships, 700 people, 240 cows, & 60 horses –Doubled the population New England’s population balloons –Unrest in England Massachusetts Bay Colony –Commonwealth Community where people work together for the good of the whole Believed in covenant with God for a holy society

12. Rhode Island –R–Roger Williams banished from Massachusetts –A–Anne Hutchison Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Quakers –C–Conflict with Puritans “Inner Light” Equality of women Treatment of Indians –M–Mary Dyer & other martyrs Democratic traditions –C–Churches voted Town meetings

13. Southern colonies Maryland –Proprietary colony A single owner –Lord Baltimore –Act of Toleration Forbade religious persecution Carolinas –Proprietary colony –Huguenots (French protestants) –Charles Town (Charleston) –Rice & slavery Elite society

14. Carolina rebellion (1691) –Split into North & South Carolina –Becomes royal colony Georgia (1732) –James Oglethorpe –Began as proprietary to protect from invasion Debtors & poor people –Savannah was 1 st settlement –Laws outlawed slavery People revolted & colony became royal Wanted to be more like SC

15. Middle colonies People from all over Europe came here –Holland, Sweden, Germany, France, as well as England, Scotland, Ireland, & Wales New Netherland –Peter Stuyvesant –Patroon received land grant Person who brought 50 settlers –Very tolerant society Charles II’s brother Duke of York drove Dutch away –New Amsterdam, New Netherlands becomes New York, New York

16. New Jersey –Duke of York gives land to his friends, Sir George Carteret & Lord John Berkeley Pennsylvania (Penn’s woods) –William Penn Quaker holy experiment Religious freedom to all Paid for land taken from Indians pacifists –Land given by Charles II to pay off debt Proprietary colony Philadelphia (city of brotherly love) Delaware –3 lower counties of Pennsylvania given independence