1. 1 Organizing Your Speech Chapter 9

2. 2 Organization Speech structure Speech structure The systematic arrangement of ideas into a coherent whole The systematic arrangement of ideas into a coherent whole Makes speeches listenable Makes speeches listenable

3. 3 Main points Give speech focus Give speech focus Most important, comprehensive ideas Most important, comprehensive ideas Help decide information to include & leave out Help decide information to include & leave out Overarching themes or subjects Overarching themes or subjects

4. 4 Organizing Process Identify main points Identify main points Limit number of points (2-4) Limit number of points (2-4) Order main points Order main points Practice identifying main points in Interactive Activity 9.1: Choosing Main Points at the Invitation to Public Speaking website.

5. 5 Organizational Patterns Chronological Chronological Spatial Spatial Problem-and-solution Problem-and-solution Causal Causal Topical Topical

6. 6 Preparing Main Points Separate main points Separate main points Word main points consistently Word main points consistently Balance main points Balance main points Reword main points parallel in Web Link 9.1: Parallel Form at the Invitation to Public Speaking website.

7. 7 Connectives Words & phrases used to link ideas in a speech Words & phrases used to link ideas in a speech From the U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/eihd/2bluewb.htm

8. 8 Transitions Phrases that indicate one point is finished & speaker is moving on Phrases that indicate one point is finished & speaker is moving on List of connectives at Web Link 9.2: Transition Words and Phrases at the Invitation to Public Speaking website.

9. 9 Internal Preview Statement in body of speech that details what discussed next Statement in body of speech that details what discussed next

10. 10 Internal Summary Opposite of internal preview Opposite of internal preview Statement in body of speech that summarizes a point already discussed Statement in body of speech that summarizes a point already discussed

11. 11 Signpost Simple word or statement Simple word or statement Lets audience know where you are in speech Lets audience know where you are in speech Indicates important idea Indicates important idea Visual Advantage Signs by Design http://avisualadvantage.com/images/portfolio /Street%20Signs.jpg

12. 12 Citing Sources Adds credibility to ideas Adds credibility to ideas Enhances speaker credibility Enhances speaker credibility Is ethical Is ethical

13. 13 Rules for Citing Sources Give credit to others Give credit to others Give specific information about source Give specific information about source Deliver all information accurately Deliver all information accurately