1. Chapter 9 & 10 Joann Pham and Daisy Kwok

2. Feudalism ● King gave land to nobles and vassals for military service. ● Boosted by Charlemagne's empire ● Allowed social mobility

3. Feudalism Pyramid

4. ● Duke of Normandy - 1066 ● Used sheriffs to regulate the empire ● More centralized feudal system and issued standardized law codes. Feudal Monarchy in Europe

5. Feudalism Decline ● Effects of the Crusades ● Black death led to peasant revolts ● Nobles hired soldiers instead of knights

6. Crusades First Crusade - 1095 ● Pope Urban II ● Captured Jerusalem 1099 ● Appeals: Arab riches & pass to Heaven

8. 2nd Crusade ● Retained power until 1130 ● Muslim’s holy war jihad) against Christians ● Saladin- Edessa in 1144

9. 3rd Crusade ● Death of Germanic king ● King Richard captured ● Truce with Saladin 4th Crusade ●Led by the merchants of Venice ●Directed attack to Byzantine Last Crusader kingdom Acre- 1291

10. Influence of the Crusades Muslims uninterested in the West Introduced the West to new cultures ● Military improvements: o Weapons- Damascus swords o Building of fortification ● New knowledge ● Trade and economy ● Unified the warring knights of Europe

11. Manorialism ● Economic part of feudalism ● Lord has power over serf ● Serfs: work the land and provide labor ● Lords: administered justice and protection ● Originated from Roman Empire

12. Serfs’ Lifestyle ● Limited agricultural equipment ● 3-field system Differences from slaves: ● Not bought or sold ● Owned their land ● Inherit

13. Decline of Kievan Russia ● Prosperity depended on trade Yaroslav’s death: ● land is split among his sons. ● Civil Strife ● Political power becomes fragmented. ● Constant battles ● His grandson is the last to try to unify Kievan Russia.

14. Mongols and Kievan Russia ● Invasions of the Mongols were final blow. Mongols ask for help: ● Kievan Russia was suspicious and refused to. ● Mongol emissaries were killed. ● Kievan Russia is sacked. ● Scores of clergy died. ● Mongols were sent by god to punish the Russians.

15. Works Cited http://www.lordsandladies.org/decline-of-feudalism.htm http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/first_crusade.htm http://apworldhistory101.com/history-of-europe/feudalism/ http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/feudalism.aspx http://mrbrunken.happykidsschool.com.tw/_/rsrc/1351870892047/middleschool/news/amapassignmentthecrusades/Crusades%201- 4%20map.jpg http://www.sras.org/the_effects_of_the_mongol_empire_on_russia http://www.countriesquest.com/europe/russia/history/the_decline_of_kievan_rus.htm http://www.history.com/topics/crusades http://www.medieval-life-and-times.info/medieval-england/manorialism.htm http://historymedren.about.com/od/crusades/p/crusadesbasics.htm