1. MIGRATION

2. Migration the movement of people from one place or region to another

3. Immigrants people who move into one country from another

4. 1-What are “Push” factors? Difficulties that force people to leave

5. 2-What are “Pull” factors? Factors that attract a person to a new country

6. 3-How do push and pull factors explain people’s decision to migrate? Push: –war –poverty –starvation –oppression Pull: –job opportunities –freedom –chance for a better life

7. 4-Explain voluntary migration today and provide examples. –The movement of people by their own choice Examples: –In some countries, such as Vietnam and Central American countries, wars have made life dangerous and difficult. –In China, Vietnam, and Cuba, governments limit people’s freedom. These problems push people to leave.

8. 5-Explain involuntary migration and provide examples. –People are forced to move Examples: –During the early 1800s, the British sent prisoners to Australia to serve their sentences. –War forces people to migrate to escape death or serious danger. –The transatlantic slave trade.

9. 6-Look at the “Migration in South Asia” map on page 69 and respond to the following: a. What caused the migration of Muslims and Hindus in Southeast Asia in 1947? At the end of British colonial rule in 1947, most of South Asia was divided along religious lines into two countries: –India had a Hindu majority –Pakistan was mainly Muslim

10. 6-Look at the “Migration in South Asia” map on page 69 and respond to the following: Fearing religious discrimination and violence, Muslims from India and Hindus from Pakistan fled across the new borders: –Pakistanis to Europe, North America or India. In 1947 when India and Pakistan were separated: 5.4 million Hindus and Sikhs fled from Pakistan to India. 6.6 Muslims fled to Pakistan Hundreds of thousands South Asians left for SE Asia, Australia and the Pacific Islands.

11. 6-Look at the “Migration in South Asia” map on page 69 and respond to the following: b. Do you think this migration was voluntary or involuntary? EXPLAIN

12.  Present-Day Bangladesh was part of Pakistan in 1947. Many Hindus fled to India. Muslims from India fled to what became Bangladesh [formerly Pakistan

13. Urbanization the movement of people to cities, and the growth of cities

14. Rural located in the countryside

15. Urban located in cities and towns

16. 7-Look at the “World Urban and Rural Populations” chart on page 70 and respond to the following: a. What is the general trend in population movement since 1800? –Toward Urban movement b. What percent of the world’s people lived in cities in 1800? –2-3% c. Based on information from the chart, how do you think the world’s rural and urban population will compare in 2050? –Urban greater than rural

17. 8-Explain the urbanization of cities and suburbs The growth of industry during the 1800s pulled people from the countryside to cities. They hoped for jobs in factories and offices.

18. 9-What are the causes and effects of urbanization? cause growth of industry; hope for jobs in factories and offices effect More people move to the city; population of cities grow; fewer people in rural areas

19. 10-Explain how the population of urban areas is changing in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Their populations are growing rapidly