1. Ch. 14 Sec. 1 Dictators and War

2. Objectives
Explain how dictators an militaristic regimes arose in several countries in the 1930s
Summarize the actions taken by aggressive regimes in Europe and Asia
Analyze the responses of Britain, France, and the U.S. to the aggressive regimes

3. Peace Unravels 1918-WWI ends 1919-27 nations meet-Treaty of Versailles
Germany resented treaty
Italy and Japan expected more land
Totalitarianism-theory of govt in which a single party or leader controls the economic, social, and cultural lives of its people.

4. Soviet Union 1917-1st totalitarian state (Lenin)
Stalin took power in 1924
Cruel and ruthless
Wanted to turn SU into industrial power and create state-run collective farms– Great Terror
Purged Communist party of traitors

5. Italy
Didn’t get land on Adriatic coast after WWI from division of Austria-Hungary
Post-war depression
Benito Mussolini
Fascist Party
Followers known as Black Shirts
Outlawed political parties, took over press, secret police, suppressed strikes

6. Germany After WWI-democracy, the Weimar Republic
Severe economic trouble and anger over Treaty of Versailles
Rise of Nazi party…National Socialist German Workers Party
Adolf Hitler
Opposed the “ism” parties that promoted workers rights or class interests over German ethnic solidarity

7. Hitler Cont… Book Mein Kampf (My Struggle)-national best seller!
Stated his explanations for problems in Germany
Criticized many people, political programs/ideologies, and mostly Jews
Anti-Semitic-prejudice against Jews
1938-Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany

9. What Next? 1938The Western European democracies looked on helplessly as Nazi Germany swallowed up Austria and part of Czechoslovakia in 1938, and Hitler’s juggernaut seemed unstoppable.

11. Japan 1920s-Democracy…ended in 1930s with Depression
Military leaders argued expansion throughout Asia would solve economic troubles
1931-Manchuria
1937-took control of Chinese rails
Did not become a totalitarian dictatorship, stayed constitutional monarchy

13. Dictators Turn to Aggression
League of Nations
Weak b/c America didn’t join, no army, “long on words, short in action”
Hitler
Restored army and nullified Treaty of Versailles
Wanted to expand, 1935 seized Saar, 1936 Rhineland
Mussolini
1935 invaded Ethiopia

15. Appeasement Policy of France and Britain against aggressive nations
Granting concessions to a potential enemy in hope it will maintain peace
Caused fascist leaders to become more aggressive
Hitler-
Austria-no choice, union called Anschluss
Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia)
Munich Conference-Munich Pact