1. Chapter 20: Plant Diversity

2. Section One: Origins of Plant Life
Plants
Multicellular eukaryotes, most of which produce their own food through photosynthesis and have adapted to life on land
Adaptation for Land Life
Cuticle: waxy, waterproof later that holds in moisture
Stomata: tiny holes in the cuticle that allow for water and gas exchange
Vascular System: collection of specialized tissues that bring water and mineral nutrients up from the roots and disperse sugars down from the leaves
Have xylem (transports water) and phloem (transports sugars)
Pollen grain: male part of the flower where sperm will develop
Seed: storage device for the plant embryo that protects it from drying out

3. Section Two: Classification of Plants
Types of Plants
Nonvascular
Mosses, Liverworts, Hornworts
Rely on growing close to water and nutrients
Vascular
Club Mosses, Ferns, Angiosperms, and Gymnosperms
Angiosperms and gymnosperms produce seeds and rely on pollination ( pollen combines with the female parts of the flower)
Gymnosperms: seed plants whose seeds are not in a fruit
Angiosperm: seed plant that has seeds enclosed in a fruit
Also called flowering plants
Fruit: mature ovary of the flower