1. Chapter 22: Plant Diversity Biology- Kirby

2. Chapter 22- Plant Diversity Plant- multicellular eukaryotes with cell walls made of cellulose. Plants are autotrophs, and use the process of photosynthesis to make their food. Plant Life Cycle: –Sporophyte- spore-producing plant- diploid phase. –Gametophyte- gamete-producing plant- haploid phase.

3. Chapter 22-Plant Diversity The first plants evolved from organisms like algae. Groups of Plants: –Bryophytes-mosses, liverworts, &hornworts. Nonvascular- absorb water by osmosis.

4. Chapter 22-Plant Diversity –Seedless Vascular Plants- club mosses, horsetails, & ferns. Vascular- special tissue that carries water and nutrients. Tracheid- hollow cells in plant tissue. Xylem- carries water from the roots to the plant parts. Phloem- carries nutrients & minerals from the soil to the plant parts.

5. Chapter 22-Plant Diversity –Plant structures: –Roots- underground organs that absorb water and minerals. –Leaves- photosynthetic organs that have vascular tissue. Veins- bundles of xylem and phloem. –Stems- supporting structures that connect roots and leaves, and carry water and nutrients

6. Chapter 22-Plant Diversity –Seed Plants: –Gymnosperms: seeds are directly on the surface of cones. Include conifers like pines and spruces. –Angiosperms: flowering plants that have seeds within a protective tissue. Include grasses, flowering trees & shrubs, wildflowers, and other flowers.

7. Chapter 22-Plant Diversity Cones- holds the seeds in gymnosperms. Flowers- hold the seeds in angiosperms. Pollen- male gametophyte with sperm. Pollination- transfer of pollen from male to female reproductive parts. Seed- plant embryo in a protective covering. Seed coat- surrounds & protects the embryo and keeps the seed moist.

8. Chapter 22-Plant Diversity Flower- has ovaries which surround & protect seeds. Fruit- wall of tissue surrounding the seed. Angiosperms: –Monocots –Dicots

9. Chapter 22-Plant Diversity Annuals- complete life cycle in 1 growing season. Biennials- complete life cycle in 2 years. Perennials- live for many years.