1. Reconstruction

2. Lincoln Assassination
John Wilkes Booth
Ford Theatre
April 14, 1865
1st President killed in office

4. 3 Plans Abraham Lincoln – The 10% Plan
Offered to pardon any Confederate who took an oath to the Union
Denied pardons to Confederate military personnel and government officials
Permitted states to form state governments after 10% of the voters swore an allegiance to the Union
States could then hold elections and participate fully in the Union

5. Andrew Johnson – Presidential Reconstruction (After Lincoln)
Pardoned southerners who swore an allegiance to the Union
Permitted states to hold a constitutional convention (without Lincoln’s 10%)
States were required to void secession, abolish slavery and ratify the 13th Amendment (to end slavery)
States could then hold elections and participate fully in the Union

6. New Life for Blacks Freedoms Freedman’s Bureau Movement Land ownership
Worship
Learning
Freedman’s Bureau
Gave food, clothing and medicine to freed slaves
Set up schools for freed slaves
Established hospitals for freed slaves

7. Black Codes Established by white state governments Curfews
Vagrancy laws
Labor contracts
Land restrictions

8. Congressional Reconstruction
Radical Republicans
Harsh on South
Wanted to punish South… treat as conquered territory
Congress passed the Reconstruction Act
Placed South under military rule
Ordered the South to hold elections for Constitutional Conventions and allow blacks to vote
Temporarily barred Southerners who supported Confederacy from voting
South had to guarantee equal rights to all citizens
Southern states had to ratify the 14th Amendment
Any state not in Union by 1869 had to also ratify the 15th Amendment
It passed because Republicans held a majority in the Congress

9. President vs. Congress Johnson fired Secretary of War, Edwin Stanton
Stanton was a friend of the Republicans
Stanton was to preside over military rule of the South
Congress impeached Johnson
Congress said firing “unconstitutional” – broke the Tenure of Office Act
Johnson escaped by ONE vote!

10. Aftermath Ulysses S. Grant Won support of Republicans
Became President in 1868
Rutherford B. Hayes
Became President amid much confusion
Removed federal troops from the South
Blanche K. Bruce became first black man in the Senate

11. “Undesirables” in the South
Carpetbaggers – Northern Republicans who moved to the South. The South saw them as trying to make a fast buck
Scalawags – White, Southern Republicans seen as traitors
The South blamed Reconstruction for Carpetbaggers, Scalawags and Freedmen