1. By: Elisha, Tyler, Ethan, & Zach
Respiratory unit
By: Elisha, Tyler, Ethan, & Zach

2. Respiratory system anatomy Diagram1 2
1. Nasal Passage
2. Pharynx
3. Larynx
4. Trachea
5. Bronchial Tubes
6. Pleurae
7. Bronchioles
8. Alveoli
9. Diaphragm 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

3. Respiratory system anatomy
1. Nasal Passage: The cavity on either side of the nasal septum, extending from the nares to the pharynx, and lying between the floor of the cranium and the roof of the mouth
2. Pharynx: “Throat” the tube or cavity that connects the mouth and nasal passages with the esophagus
3. Larynx: “Voice Box” a muscular and cartilaginous structure lined with mucous membrane at the upper part of the trachea, in which the vocal cords are located
4. Trachea: “Wind Pipe” the tube extending from the larynx to the bronchi, serving as the principal passage for conveying air to and from the lungs
5. Bronchial Tubes: tubes that carry air into the tiny branches and smaller cells of the lungs after this air has passed through the mouth, nasal passages, and trachea

4. Respiratory system anatomy Cont.
6. Pleurae: Double layer membrane on the outside of the lung
7. Bronchioles: a small branch of a bronchus
8. Alveoli: One-celled, thin walled cluster of air sacs at the end of the bronchiole tube
9. Diaphragm: The diaphragm is the chief muscle of inspiration, It forms the floor of the thoracic cavity and the roof of the abdominal cavity

5. Important terms Tachypnea: fast/rapid breathing
Bradypnea: slow breathing
Hypernea: excessive breathing
Hypopnea: decreased breathing
Apnea: no breathing
Dyspnea: difficulty/painful breathing
Aspiration: action of breathing in
Inspiration: bringing air into the lungs
Expiration: air being pushed out of the lungs
Internal respiration: bringing oxygen to cell and removing CO2
External respiration: exchange of air between body and environment

6. Health concerns Etiology S/S TX Lung cancer
caused by exposure to carcinogens, leading cause of death
hemoptysis, dyspnea, weight loss, chest pain
chemotherapry, radiation, surgery
Asthma
bronchial airway obstruction, difficulty breathing
wheezing, coughing, difficulty breathing
inhaler, avoid what started it
Epistaxis
nosebleed resulting from trauma
bleeding from 1 or both nostrils, spiting out blood; tasting blood
lean forward, gauze or nose plug, call 911 if it doesn’t stop
Emphysema
can’t exhale all air from lungs, affects smokers
difficulty breathing, short of breath with slightest exertion
no cure, inhaler, respiratory therapy, medications to make symptoms easier

7. Health concerns Cont. Etiology S/S TX Pleurisy
inflammation of the pleura
sharp stabbing pain while breathing, dyspnea, fever, grating sounds in lungs when breathing
treat what caused it, medications for symptoms
Pneumonia
inflammation and infection of the lungs
shortness of breath, fever, cough, chest pain, fatigue
antibiotics, medications for symptoms, rest, fluids
Hemoptysis
coughing up blood from the lungs
cough and blood comes out
fix what caused it, seek immediate help, call 911 if it won’t stop
Anthracosis
black lung, coal dust in the lungs
no early symptoms, coughing, chest pains, difficulty breathing
NO cure