1. The 18th Century Industrial Revolution
The Advent of How the World Now Turns

2. What was the Industrial Revolution?
A monumental shift in the production of goods from hand-craftsmanship methods to machine manufacturing…

3. What changes did the Industrial Revolution bring to Europe?
New means of producing products
Machine made v Artisan made
Cost reduction… Quantity v. Quality debate
New work skills required
Job creation, discipline & schedules changed
New products to buy
Want v. Need… Consumerism created

4. Why Great Britain? London: population, hub of fashion & style
Established communication
Social Structure : monkey see, monkey do
Colonies = raw materials source & market
Free Trade & established infrastructure
Stable & supportive government
Social mobility
Resources
water, iron & coal

5. Cottage Industry aka Putting Out System: What do you see?

6. How did the Textile Industry change?
Putting-out system aka domestic aka Cottage industry…
Key inventions:
Spinning Jenny
by James Hargreaves
Water Frame by Richard Arkwright
Leads to FACTORY PRODUCTION
Power Loom by Edmund Cartwright
Water Power is initial source
What limitations are there at this point?

7. What impact did the Steam Engine have on Industrialism?
Once James Watt perfects it…
Flexible & mobile source of power
Anywhere, anytime… just needs fuel
Created new opportunities, spin-offs
Engineering, manufacturing, service…
Multiple applications
Mining, transportation, factories…
It is THE ENGINE of the
Industrial Revolution

8. How did Great Britain become the leading producer of iron in the 18th c.?
Huge iron & coal
deposits
Shift to coke burning
= hotter temps
Abraham Darby “smelting” >> Henry Cort’s innovations >> purer iron
>> rolling mill >> lower cost
>> increased applications >> $$$$$$$!

9. How did women’s roles change?
Industrialism of farming & textiles…
Male machine operation >> less demand ♀
♀ shift to other hand-work = ‘women’s work’
Gender-based separation of work >>>
Devaluation of female contribution
Shift in opportunities for females
Removal from technology, left behind…
Men expected to be main provider, higher pay

10. Writing Application Construct a thesis & intro ¶
What factors led to Great Britain being at the forefront of the 18th c. Industrial Revolution? or
Explain the impact industrialism had on women and their role in society.