1. Infancy Script Infant actors: Marley, Sophia, & Arjun Narrators: Talia Wilson, Devanshi Patel, Anusha Patil Producers: Talia Wilson, Devanshi Patel, Anusha Patil Dr. Schrader Productions Sponsor: MCVTS Woodbridge Academy Production Date: June 2

2. Opening/Introduction Infants. We’ve all been one. And one day, some of you may be holding one, caring for one, even calling one your own. That’s why it is important that we understand the logistics of the miraculous time period between birth and the first birthday. This is… infancy.

3. Stage Defined The word “infant” refers to a child typically between birth, and 1 year of age. A newborn is an infant who is 28 days old or younger.

4. Physical Development/Changes Infants experience tremendous physical growth throughout the 1st year of life. An infant will triple or quadruple their birth weight by their first birthday, reaching 21 to 27 pounds. Their length will increase to approximately 29 to 30 inches. Their teeth will begin growing between 8 to 12 months of age.

5. Motor & Sensory Development/ Changes The infant motor and sensory abilities also develops and changes rapidly during infancy. In the beginning, movements are usually reflexive rather than purposeful. They 1sts develop the ability to raise their heads and then move on to turning and rolling over. Their ability to focus their eyes increases. Just before they are 1 year old, babies learn, how to crawl, stand alone,then finally walks with assistance. ******SEE SLIDE BELOW FOR PICTURE******

7. Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage Desc. According to Erikson, the 1st psychosocial crisis infants face is trust vs mistrust. Infants must constantly question whether the world is a safe place, or if it is full of unpredictable events and accidents waiting to happen. To allay these fears of uncertainty, infants must look to and trust their primary caregivers to provide stability & consistency of care. At this stage, the most important event is feeding because it provides a special bonding experience between parent and child. When the infant’s needs for nourishment, care, familiarity, & comfort are met, he or she will develop a sense of trust and have hope that in the future, people can support them in unfamiliar situations. Otherwise, they will have a sense of mistrust for the world and have heightened insecurities as well as anxiety. SEE SLIDE BELOW FOR PICTURE!!!

9. Cognitive Development/Change; Language Development Cognitive: Infants start to gain the ability to make connections between their actions and the results those actions bring, which is called recognition. This is not the same as recall, which doesn’t start to develop until about 18 months.

10. Cognitive Development/ Change; Language Development Language: The word “infant” is derived from the latin word, “infans” meaning “unable to speak” or “speechless.” While they are unable to speak in sentences, let alone phrases, some can make very simple words such as “Dada” and begin to use “Mama.”

11. Psychological Care Considerations Over time, as infants learn more about their surroundings, they undergo many complex psychosocial developments. They form attachments with their mothers or other primary caregivers, develop new emotional states, and begin to make complex perceptual judgements.

12. Major Milestones/Issues There are many milestones that come during infancy. In the first month, they learn to raise their head. In the second month, they learned to smile responsively and laugh. In the next 3 months, infants recognize faces and scents, imitate speech, role over and turn toward new sounds. Also, the infants may start crawling around six months of age. Later, during 9-10 months, infants attempt to grab objects and start pulling up to stand and some may even start walking. Lastly, infants will start gesturing, grasping objects, and attempting to say words.

13. Health Risks Some common health problems of infants include: coldsvomiting coughdiaper rash fevercradle cap

14. Nutrition Considerations Infants grow a great amount during this time. They require appropriate amounts of nutritional food. Usually its best if infants have their mother’s milk because the milk carries the necessary nutrients and antibodies that the infant may need. Around 4-6 months, the infant is offered semi-solid food such as applesauce and crushed bananas. After their teeth come in they can eat some solid foods such as soft cooked vegetables and mac and cheese.

15. Immunizations Infants are highly vulnerable to infections and diseases because of their immature and inexperienced immune systems. In order to protect them, they must be vaccinated before they’re exposed to life-threatening diseases. Infants should be vaccinated against Hepatitis A & B, Rotavirus, DTaP (which protects against diphtheria, tetanus, & pertussis or whooping cough), Hib (for Haemophilus influenzae type b), PCV (for pneumococcal disease), polio, influenza, MMR (for measles), and Varicella (for chickenpox)

16. Conclusion Infants. A new life in your world. They are the most complex creatures on the earth, growing at the most rapid rate it will go through in its life. From their first eye contact, to their first step, to their first word, everything is extremely important. Infants are your future!

18. Sources http://www.babycentre.co.uk/a6476/milestone-chart-one-to-six-months http://www.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/parenting/06/07/par.baby.milestones/ http://www.earthsbest.com/resources/articles/infants/nutrition-feeding-guidelines-for-baby