1. Material Design & Development Week 2 Life Map Mini Lesson Processing Tomlinson’s Good Materials

2. Homework Reflection on Homework Take out your answers to the questions on the Tomlinson reading. Discuss your answers in small groups. Next Week’s Homework Read and answer the questions to Harmer’s “Describing Learners” –Read pages 151-160 –Answer questions on page 149

3. Life Map Open your packet to p. 71-78. Look over the lesson we experienced last week.

4. Preview: Definition of “materials” Anything that is used by teacher and/or learners to facilitate the learning of a language (p. 2) What are some examples of materials according to this definition? Please write a list of different materials that can be used in the classroom to help students learn.

5. Examples of materials Realia and classroom objects Artifacts Textbooks Handouts Pictures Games Other students/Teacher Audio-visual materials such as PPTs, videos, etc. White board or black board Seating arrangements and grouping

6. Inductive vs. Deductive What is the difference between “inductive” teaching and “deductive” teaching?

7. Inductive teaching Also called “discovery teaching” or “inquiry teaching”. Teacher provides students with many examples and induces the rule from students (students figure out, or “discover”, the rule from the examples provided).

8. Deductive Teaching Also known as “direct instruction”. Teacher provides students with the rule and students practice making examples based on the rule.

9. Kinds of Language Learning Explicit learners are aware of when and what they are learning Implicit learners are not aware of when and what they are learning Involving Declarative Knowledge knowledge about the language system Involving Procedural Knowledge knowledge of how the language is used

10. What is the position that most researchers take in terms of the kinds of language learning? Communicative competence is primarily achieved as a result of implicit, procedural learning.

11. What does the term “communicative competence” mean? “Communicative competence refers to a learner's (second language) ability. It not only refers to a learner's ability to apply and use grammatical rules, but also to form correct utterances, and know how to use these utterances appropriately”. (definition from: Wikipedia on-line encyclopedia)

12. What should the main objective of materials be? To provide learners with meaningful experiences of language in use and opportunities to reflect on these experiences.

13. When are learners guided to see explicit aspects of the target language? Prior to students’ use After students’ use *NOTE: both can be done inductively so the teacher can facilitate students’ discovery of rules.

14. Features of Good Materials What are the 16 features of “Good Materials” that are listed in the reading?

15. 1.Materials should achieve impact 2.Materials should help learners to feel at ease 3.Materials should help learners develop confidence 4.What is being taught should be perceived as relevant and useful 5.Materials should facilitate learner self-investment and discovery 6.Learners must be ready to acquire the points being taught 7.Materials should expose the learners to language in authentic use 8.Learner’s attention should be drawn to the linguistic features of the input 9.Materials should provided opportunities to use the TL for communicative purposes 10.Materials should take into account that the positive effects of instruction are usually delayed 11.Materials should take into account that learners have different learning styles 12.Materials should take into account that learners differ in affective attitude 13.Materials should permit a silent period at the beginning of instruction 14.Materials should maximize learning potential 15.Materials should not rely too much on controlled practice 16.Materials should provide opportunities for outcome feedback

16. In-class group activity You will be put into four groups. Each group will be given four features. Each group will be given the description of each feature. You will have to come up with an example of materials for each feature. Each group will present their materials and explain how it meets the feature to the class.