Opening Activity On your guided note worksheet, place these resources in the correct category: Renewable NonrenewableInexhaustible (forever) coal oil sunlightironwindanimalstimberwatersoil plants minerals oxygen 1/26

Natural Resources Renewable, Nonrenewable, and Inexhaustible Resources

Renewable Resources Things that can be replaced in a relatively short amount of time. We must be wise about how we use these items! We could overuse, pollute, or destroy them too fast for them to be replaced. Examples: plants, animals, water, air, soil, etc.

Let’s look at Water Remember your history of Earth? Early Earth did not support water (too hot), so water is thought to have been delivered by comets over the millions/billions of years after Earth cooled. Water is recycled in what is known as the water cycle, but drinkable/clean water is becoming less, and less, and less.

Nonrenewable Resources Cannot be replaced in a short amount of time. Fossil fuels are made from dead plants and animals millions of years ago. Once we use them up, they are gone forever. We are using them much faster than nature can replace them. Examples: fossil fuels (oils, natural gas, coal) and minerals

COAL, PETROLEUM, AND GAS Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are considered nonrenewable because they can not be replenished in a short period of time. These are called fossil fuels.

HOW IS COAL MADE ???

HOW ARE OIL AND GAS MADE ??

Inexhaustible Resources Those things that can be replaced as fast as they are used. No matter how much we use, we can never run out. Examples: sunlight, wind, and ocean tides.

WHAT WAS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COAL AND OIL/GAS?

Learning Check How much do you know???

Solar Energy Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible

Soil Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible

Wind Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible

Plants Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible

Coal Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible

Water Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible

Natural Gas Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible

Ocean Tides Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible

Animals Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible

How well did you do?

Elemental/Mineral Resources Uranium, Aluminum, Copper, Gold, etc. Elements Helium (#2) through Iron (#26) are made by nuclear fusion in the stars. Fusion is the joining of two atoms to make larger atoms. Elements after Iron until Uranium (#92) are made by massive star explosions called supernovas. The explosions spread all of the natural elements around the universe. Gravity brings the elements together over time to create new stars, planets, asteroids, comets, ect.

Supernova when too much energy/ mass

Supernova Explosion dust/left overs Gravity making a new solar system

Elements/Minerals Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible

Mining Many kinds of rocks and minerals must be mined to extract the valuable elements they contain Geologists use the term ore to describe a mineral deposit large enough and pure enough to be mined for profit Rocks and minerals are removed from the ground by one of two methods

1. Surface Mining When mineral deposits are located at or near the surface of the Earth, surface-mining methods are used to remove the minerals Types of surface mines include: 1.open pits 2.surface coal mines 3.quarries

2. Subsurface Mining Methods are used when mineral deposits are located too deep within the Earth to be surface mined Subsurface mining often requires that passageways be dug into the Earth to reach the ore.

Responsible Mining Mining gives us the minerals we need, but it may also create problems 1.Can destroy or disturb the habitats of plants and animals 2.Waste products from a mine may get into water sources, which pollutes surface water and ground water

1.One way to reduce the potential harmful effects of mining is to return the land to its original state after the mining is completed Called reclamation 2.Reducing our need for minerals by recycling is another way to reduce the effects of mining