Why Do People Migrate Within a Country?

Inter(between)regional Intra(within)regional

These are regional migrations to neighboring countries in the same region 6. Southeast China to Southeast Asia Econ Opportunities: Chinese finding work These are National Migrations- within the same country (internal migration) 7. Eastern to Western US “Manifest Destiny”- Make the US reach both oceans 8. Western to Eastern Russia Russification of Russia’s massive territory

U.S. settlement patterns (flow 7 on map) Colonial settlement Early settlement in the interior (early 1800s) California Gold Rush in the 1840s Great Plains settlement Recent growth of the South All these factors move our “center of population”

Colonial Settlement Appalachian Mountains was intervening obstacle to westward migration from Atlantic Coast Center: Chesapeake Bay, MD Interior Settlement (early 1800s) Transportation opened up the interior (Erie Canal) Cheap land pulled settlers to forests between Appalachians and Miss. River; used wood to build Center: Weston, WV

California Settlement Gold Rush pulled people to Cali, past the Great Plains in Midwest Great plains environment pushed settlers out- dry, no trees Center: Greensburg, IN (400 mi shift) Settlement of Great Plains Tech advances, RRs: farmers used RR to ship goods to East coast Center: Indiana (150 mi shift)

Recent Growth of South Job opportunities in South To the “sunbelt” from the “rustbelt” Civil Rights laws attracted Blacks back to South Center: South-Central Missouri (shift 250 mi West and 75 mi South)

Interregional Migration in US- What Global scale flow map does not show us! Current trend: Slowing migration, mostly into the South

Intraregional is more common than interregional Migration from rural to urban areas (urbanization) Mostly in LDCs; MDCs already went through this process during the Indust. Rev. Economic migration- going to live where their job is (in the city)

Migration from urban to suburban areas (suburbanization) Mostly in MDCs Want a suburban lifestyle (own house, yard, safer) Migration from urban to rural areas (Counterurbanization) Want a more relaxing lifestyle thought to be in the “country”, escape city life

These are regional migrations to neighboring countries in the same region 6. Southeast China to Southeast Asia Econ Opportunities: Chinese finding work These are National Migrations- within the same country (internal migration) 7. Eastern to Western US “Manifest Destiny”- Make the US reach both oceans 8. Western to Eastern Russia Russification of Russia’s massive territory

Russification of Russia (flow 8 on map) As Russia exerted influence and control over its Eastern territories, they engulfed/”swallowed up” multiple ethnic groups. They wanted all people to act “Russian”- ex of assimilation (forced integration into culture) People of Russian decent were encouraged to move from Moscow and St. Petersburg and fill in the country

Has occurred in former states controlled by the Soviet Union More recently has occurred within Russia itself Chechnya- Chechen majority; Russian minority; Forced use of Russian language Considers themselves a different ethnicity than Russians So, they are living in Russia, but DO NOT consider themselves Russian… Fought two wars with Russia

Government incentives in Brazil (moving capital city) and Indonesia (paid migration) Economic migration within European countries East to West (poor to wealthy) Restricted migration in India (preserving Assam region) Maquilladoras in Northern Mexico US factories in Mexico to take advantage of cheap labor Labor shortage in Northern Mexico due to Mexicans entering US (legally and illegally)

Examples of companies with Maquilladoras Delphi, which split off from General Motors and remains a major auto supplier, has 66,000 workers and 51 maquiladora factories Lear corporation 34,000 workers and 8 factories General Electric 20,700 workers and 30 factories Whirlpool 7,500 workers and 5 factories Emerson Electric 5,678 workers and 7 factories Motorola 5,290 workers and 2 factories Honeywell 4,900 workers and 3 factories Bose 2,900 workers and 2 factories Mattell 2,578 workers and 1 factory

No place in an MDC is truly isolated because of our ability to connect with one another.

As the worlds population continues to grow (LDCs in stage 2, high growth), the number of migrants will expand as well The more migrants that are moving around, the more different cultures will mix and raise concerns about race, ethnicity, language and religion (all are the next coming chapters!)