1 FAIR Project – status and research program Zbigniew Majka – FAIR Joint Core Team, Head of Research Facility for Antiproton and Ions Research Helmholtz Centre for Ion Research Zbigniew Majka

2 GmbH Future facility GSI today March 2007 Locations preparation for deep hole drilling (for soil analysis)

3Zbigniew Majka  Spring 2006 STI presented FAIR Baseline Technical Report authors  Late 1990s GSI researchers began discussion with the 1200 outside users  2001 GSI had drawn up the Conceptual Design Report for a new facility

4 Facility for Antiproton and Ions Research project - has been developed by an international science community and the Hemholtz Association’s Research Center GSI in Darmstadt Zbigniew Majka will be constructed over the next eight years and will provide scientists from various fields of research with unprecedented high-quality beams of both stable and unstable nuclei as well as of antiprotons in a wide range of intensities and energies for a multifaceted, multidisciplinary forefront science programme.

5Zbigniew Majka Construction Period, Cost, Users  Commissioning Costs 28 M€  Operation Costs up to M€  Construction until 2016  Total cost 1.2 B€  Scientific users: per year Financing  up to 65 % Federal Government of Germany  10 % State of Hessen  25 % Partner Countries FAIR GmbH with International Shareholders Operation Project Costs scrutinized by CORE, TAC, STI … as basis how to account in-kind contributions

6Zbigniew Majka6 From Summary Record of 8 th ISC Meeting, July 24, 2006, Berlin: “To the FAIR core facility belong the experiments of the 14 approved technical proposals (see table).” Very diverse and ambitious program!

7Zbigniew Majka7 T[K] 1 TeV GeV MeV KeV eV meV t[s] Quar-gluon soup lept., neutr., fot., graw., Parlicles Nuclei Atoms Today 15 bln y. later FAIR – QCD research programs (Quantum Chromodynamics and Hadron Physics) FAIR Research George GamovFred Hoyle The evolution of the universe

8Zbigniew Majka FAIR Synchrotrons SIS100 and SIS300 GSI Synchrotron SIS18 GSI Linear Accelerator p-Linac High Energy Storage Ring Collector Ring Accumulator Ring RESR New Experimental Storage Ring Antiproton Production Target Unique features: e - cooling Storage In-ring experiments Ring[m][Tm][GeV]Ion/AntipRadioactive SIS A (U 28+ ), 29 p2∙10 11 /pulse4∙10 13 protons/pulse5∙10 11 U /pulse SIS A (U 92+ ),2∙10 9 /s CR , A (U 92+ ), 3 antipFast stoch. cooling RESR , A (U 92+ ), 3 antipAccumul. of antip1T/s decelerat.of short lived NESR , A (U 92+ ), 3 antip1T/s decelerat.of antip1T/s decelerat.of short lived, el. cool HESR GeV antip GeV antip Primary beam U SIS100 + SIS300 x over present intensity CBM PANDA FAIR Research – QCD

9Zbigniew Majka FAIR Research – QCD/PANDA  Hadron Structure, QCD-Vacuum and Medium Stored and cooled antiprotons up to 15 GeV/c, ~ 520 users See talks by: Zoltan Gagyl-Palffy - Physics with PANDA Detector at FAIR Marco Maggiora - Transvers Spin Physics at FAIR

10Zbigniew Majka FAIR Research – QCD/CBM  QCD-Phase Diagram: Nuclear & QGP Matter HI beams 2 to 45 GeV/u; ~ 390 users Baryon density in central cell (Au+Au, b=0 fm): HSD: mean field, hadrons + resonances + strings QGSM: Cascade, hadrons + resonances + strings C. Fuchs, E. Bratkovskaya, W. Cassing

11Zbigniew Majka FAIR Research – QCD/CBM Probing the equation-of-state at high  B Observables: collective flow of hadrons, particle production at threshold energies (open charm) Search for a deconfined phase at high  B enhanced strangeness production ? Observables: K, , , ,  anomalous charmonium suppression ? Observables: charmonium (J/ψ, ψ'), open charm (D 0, D  ) Search for chiral symmetry restoration at high  B in-medium modifications of hadrons Observables: , ,   e + e -, open charm,..... Search for the 1. order phase transition & its critical endpoint Observable: event-by-event fluctuations (K/π, p T,...)

12Zbigniew Majka12Zbigniew Majka T[K] 1 TeV GeV MeV KeV eV meV t[s] Quar-gluon soup lept., neutr., fot., graw., Parlicles Nuclei Atoms Sun 5 bln y. ago Today 15 bln y. later FAIR – NUSTAR research programs (Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics and Reactions FAIR Research -NuSTAR

13Zbigniew Majka FAIR Synchrotrons SIS100 and SIS300 GSI Synchrotron SIS18 GSI Linear Accelerator p-Linac High Energy Storage Ring Collector Ring Accumulator Ring RESR New Experimental Storage Ring Super Fragment Separator Rare Isotopes Production Target Secondary beam; High precision RIB up to AGeV; x Ring[m][Tm][GeV]Ion/AntipRadioactive SIS A (U 28+ ), 29 p2∙10 11 /pulse4∙10 13 protons/pulse5∙10 11 U /pulse SIS A (U 92+ ),2∙10 9 /s CR , A (U 92+ ), 3 antipFast stoch. cooling RESR , A (U 92+ ), 3 antipAccumul. of antip1T/s decelerat.of short lived NESR , A (U 92+ ), 3 antip1T/s decelerat.of antip1T/s decelerat.of short lived, el. cool HESR GeV antip GeV antip Primary beam U SIS100 + SIS300 x over present intensity FAIR Research -NuSTAR

14Zbigniew Majka FAIR Research -NuSTAR Primary Beams /s; GeV/u; 238 U 28+ Factor Secondary Beams up to factor SUPERconducting FRagment Separator

15Zbigniew Majka FAIR Research - NuSTAR Long Standing Questions of Nuclear Structure Physics What are the limits for existence of nuclei? Where are the proton and neutron drip lines situated? Where does the nuclear chart end? How does the nuclear force depend on varying proton-to-neutron ratios? What is the isospin dependence of the spin-orbit force? How does shell structure change far away from stability? How to explain collective phenomena from individual motion? What are the phases, relevant degrees of freedom, and symmetries of the nuclear many-body system? How are complex nuclei built from their basic constituents? What is the effective nucleon-nucleon interaction? How does QCD constrain its parameters? Which are the nuclei relevant for astrophysical processes and what are their properties? What is the origin of the heavy elements?

16Zbigniew Majka16Zbigniew Majka T[K] 1 TeV GeV MeV KeV eV meV t[s] Quar-gluon soup lept., neutr., fot., graw., Parlicles Nuclei Atoms Sun 5 bln y. ago Today 15 bln y. later FAIR – APPA research programs (Atomic,Plasma Physics and Applications) FAIR Research - APPA

17Zbigniew Majka SPARC FLAIR WDM HEDgeHOB FAIR Research - APPA

18Zbigniew Majka FAIR Research - APPA  Physics of Dense Bulk Plasmas Ion-beam bunch compression & high-energy petawatt-laser; ~ 250 users  Fundamental Symmetries & Ultra-High EM Fields Antiprotons and highly stripped ions; ca. 250 users  Materials Science and Radiation Biology, etc. Ion & antiproton(?) beams; ~ 350 users

19Zbigniew Majka19Zbigniew Majka Radioactive Ion Beam ProgrammeAnti Proton Beam Programme Relat. Ion Beam ProgrammePlasma Physics Beam Programme

20Zbigniew Majka20Zbigniew Majka FAIR – Planned Experimental Facilities 100 m UNILAC SIS 18 SIS 100/300 HESR Super FRS NESR CR RESR ESR

21Zbigniew Majka21Zbigniew Majka Pictures from meetings (about 50/year) of the different experiment collaborations CBM in Strasbourg BIOMAT bei GSI SPARC in Poland PANDA bei GSI NUSTAR bei GSI SPARC in PIASKI

22Zbigniew Majka Confirmed international contributions

Total EU support for FAIR related activities in FP6: >32 M€ 23Zbigniew Majka EU-6FP-CNI:  FAIR injector SIS18 intensity upgrade, HADES upgrade + R3Bmagnet EU-Support: 10,4 M€ EU-6FP-Design Study:  Secondary Beams (RIB and Antiprotons) EU-Support: 9 M€ EU-6FP-I3 programmes  I3HadronPhysics: FAIR related EU-Support: 10,8 M€  EURONS: FAIR related EU-Support: 2 M€ plus 4,9 M€ in FP7 FAIR preparatory phase

24Zbigniew Majka Call for EoIs sent out October 10th, 2007

21 Expression of Interests received so far ! 25Zbigniew Majka EoIs still missing from All information can be found on the WEB page

26Zbigniew Majka Accelerator Developments Fast ramping: Frequency variable ferrite or MA loaded resonators Beam quality: Electron & Stochastic Cooling XHV ~ mbar Compact & efficient acceleator design: Rapidly cycling sc magnets: dB/dt ~ 4T/s

FAIR Start Event, November 7/ 8, Zbigniew Majka 1400 international participants 500 international scientists attended the symposium on the Physics of FAIR

28Zbigniew Majka Draft-Schedule Start of operation in is feasible, provided we start mid 2008.

29Zbigniew Majka  The ISC is confident, that the FAIR Convention Signing Conference can take place in late autumn this year and FAIR GmbH will be established 17 th Meeting of the FAIR-International Steering Committee July 4, 2008, 9:30 – 17:00 h at GSI, Darmstadt, Germany  The next meeting of the FAIR Steering Committee is scheduled on Wednesday September 3rd, 2008 at GSI, Darmstadt.  Recruitment of the FAIR Scientific Director – has high priority, Job advertisement was published in the following journals or newspapers: CERN Courier, Physics Today, Nupecc News, German and US newspaper, recruitment of the Administrative Director will be postponed to allow the Scientific Director to get involved

30Zbigniew Majka Austria China Finland Germany Hessen India Poland Romania Russia Spain Sweden UK Slovenia Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research FAIR = International Accelerator Facility 'next' to GSI Shares not yet defined Thank you !

31Zbigniew Majka Koscielisko