Bell work 1. What are the two main rivers of China called? 2. Describe on the map where most of the first Chinese cities were located.

Bell work answer on page Name four countries that border China. Name one thing I can learn about Ancient Chinese history from the map.

Bell work answer on page Name four countries that border China: Name one thing I can learn about Ancient Chinese history from the map and explain how you know that:

Bell work answer on page Zhou kings governed China much as Shang rulers had. The king led the government, ruling with the help of a bureaucracy. A bureaucracy is made up of officials who carry out the tasks of government. The king also put together a strong army to bring weaker kingdoms under Zhou rule. Soon the Zhou kingdom was larger than that of the Shang. To govern effectively, the king divided the kingdom into territories. He assigned loyal aristocrats to govern each of the territories. The positions the aristocrats held were hereditary. This meant that when an aristocrat died, a son or another member of his family governed the territory. Questions: 1. What exactly is a bureaucracy? 2. What did the king do to his kingdom to help him rule it effectively? 3. The positions the aristocrats held were hereditary. In this sentence, what does the word hereditary mean?

Chapter 10 Lesson 1 Chapter 15 Lesson 1 Chinese Dynasties Chapter 10 Lesson 1 Chapter 15 Lesson 1

The Shang Dynasty 1750 B.C.- 1045B.C. Progress check question (PCQ): Why did Shang kings have questions scratched on oracle bones? What types of goods did artisans of the Shang Dynasty create? Define Warlords: Define Ethnocentric:

The Shang Dynasty 1750 B.C.- 1045B.C. Progress check question (PCQ): Why did Shang kings have questions scratched on oracle bones? To get help from the gods and their ancestors in making important decisions. What types of goods did artisans of the Shang Dynasty create? Spoked wheel, pottery and silk Warlord: a military commander exercising civil power by force, usually in a limited area Ethnocentric:

The Shang certainly had reasons to be proud The Shang certainly had reasons to be proud. Not only were they accomplished bronze workers, but they also used horse-drawn chariots…

What’s more, they devised a decimal system and a highly accurate calendar.

This belief contributed to the Shang’s ethnocentric attitude, which means they considered themselves superior to all others.

… developed the spoked wheel, and became experts in the production of pottery and silk.

Zhou Dynasty 1045 B.C. – 221B.C. PCQ: What technology was developed in China during the Zhou dynasty? Zhou Dynasty (Joh Dynasty) What is the Mandate of Heaven? Describe the biggest change for the Chinese people during the Zhou Dynasty. What technology was developed at this time?

Zhou Dynasty 1045 B.C. – 221B.C. PCQ: What technology was developed in China during the Zhou dynasty? New irrigation systems, Saddles and stirrups. Zhou Dynasty (Joh Dynasty) What is the Mandate of Heaven? heaven would grant the Zhou power only as long as its rulers governed justly and wisely Describe the biggest change for the Chinese people during the Zhou Dynasty. __The first dynasty to rule all the nations and the Mandate of Heaven changes the expectation of the king ______ What technology was developed at this time? New irrigation systems, saddle and stirrup

Around 1100 B.C.E., the Shang were ousted by Wu Wang, who established the Zhou Dynasty (Jou Dynasty), though the Zhou maintained many of the traditions and customs developed under the Shang Dynasty.

The Zhou ruled China for nearly 800 years, longer than any other dynasty.

The Zhou Dynasty believed in what was called the Mandate of Heaven, meaning that heaven would grant the Zhou power only as long as its rulers governed justly and wisely.

Put another way, the Zhou Dynasty would remain in power only as long as it had the blessing of heaven.

Warring states Period

Qin dynasty 221B.C. – 202B.C. How would you describe Qin Shihuangdi (Chin Shee-hwahng-dee) as a ruler? Why did Qin build the Great Wall? __________________ How did Qin rulers unite China?:

Qin dynasty 221B.C. – 202B.C. How would you describe Qin Shihuangdi (Chin Shee-hwahng-dee) as a ruler? Qin was a harsh ruler. He was ambitious and had a vision of China that he was determined to achieve- a vision of greatness. Why did Qin build the Great Wall? _He wanted to keep the empire safe from invaders from the north. How did Qin rulers unite China? __Through force and war.

The Qin Dynasty China was divided into 7 warring states until Qin Shihuangdi conquered them all and united them. The name Qin Shihuangdi means “first emperor”, which he was China’s first. Qin is sometimes spelled chin. The name China comes from the Qin dynasty.

Strengthening the Empire Qin had to protect his new empire from enemies. China was constantly under attack from nomads to the North, so Qin ordered the construction of the Great Wall of China. The Great Wall has different sections built by different emperors.

Unifying Economy and Culture The first emperor declared that China would use one form of currency, or money, throughout China. Qin tried to unify the culture of China by restricting how they think. He outlawed Confucius thoughts and other thinkers other than the Qin philosophers. Qin commanded all books besides the Qin philosophers books be burned. If you disagreed with Qin, he would have you killed.

Han Dynasty 202 B.C. – A.D. 220 How did the civil service system change China’s government? Why did Han rulers create civil service exams? What technology was developed at this time?

Han Dynasty 202 B.C. – A.D. 220 How did the civil service system change China’s government?  To stop the practice of having only royal family members and other aristocrats run the government. (Up to this point, government jobs were used as a reward for loyalty to the government. The civil service exam system opened government service to other people with talent and ability.) Why did the Han rulers create civil service examinations? The examinations made it so ordinary people with talent and ability could work in government, not just aristocrats and people who had connections. What technology was developed at this time? Cast-iron plow, waterwheels, wheelbarrow, silk manufacturing and invented paper, the rudder to steer ships and acupuncture

The Han Dynasty After Qin died, the Qin dynasty fell apart until a new ruler named Liu Bang took over. Liu Bang was born a peasant and became emperor in 202 B. C. Bang was less harsh than Qin and this resulted in the Han Dynasty lasting for 400 years. Bang’s grandson, Han Wudi, the “Warrior Emperor”, became emperor after Bang died. Wudi strengthened the army and expanded China in central Asia.

The End of the Han Empire After Wudi died, the Han Dynasty lasted until warlords challenged the Emperor. The warlords finally succeeded in overthrowing the Han Dynasty and China fell back into warring states.

Sui A.D.589-619 Why did Yangdi work to repair the Great Wall and the city of Changan? How did the Grand Canal help China’s economy? How did Yangdi pay to rebuild China?

Sui A.D.589-619 Why did Yangdi work to repair the Great Wall and the city of Changan? They had started to fall apart and needed to be repaired in order to be effective. And bring back glory to China. How did the Grand Canal help China’s economy? The Grand Canal connected two important rivers and allowed trade and travel that moved goods through China that improved the economy. How did Yangdi pay to rebuild China? Farmers were forced to work on the great wall and the grand canal and to pay higher taxes_

Tang A.D. 618 – 907 How did Empress Wu gain the support from the people? What was unique about the city Tang capital of Changan? What was the result of farmers revolts?

Tang A.D. 618 – 907 How did Empress Wu gain the support from the people? With her ability to rule and determination to make China stronger. What was unique about the city Tang capital of Changan? Grew to be the largest city in the world with about a million people. Had wide tree- shaded avenues and market squares What was the result of farmers revolts? The Tang rulers were weakened so the rulers hired Uighurs (Turks) to fight for them, however the Tang still fell Civil: relating to the state or government

Song A.D. 960 - 1279 What challenge did Song emperors face from the beginning? Why did Song rulers move their government? Where did Song Rulers move their government?

Song A.D. 960 - 1279 What challenge did Song emperors face from the beginning? They did not have enough military to protect the Empire. Why and where did Song rulers move their government? They moved the capital Hangzhou for protection from nomads to the north. How did the size of Song China compare to that of the Tang China? Song China was smaller than Tang China.

Chinese life Why were merchants not respected in ancient China? Filial Piety: Social Class: