INTRODUCTION TO INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Module 1 Session 1.3: What is Integrated Water Resources Management?

Module Objectives Understand the main elements of an IWRM approach to sustainable management of water resources. Learn the main basic functions for water resources management which need to be performed at the river basin scale to implement IWRM. Discuss institutional arrangements and introduce a process-thinking to conduct the water resources management functions.

Session 1 IWRM Concept and Focus on Integrated River Basin Planning Integrated water resources management is a systematic process for the sustainable development, allocation and monitoring of water resource use in the context of social, economic and environmental objectives.

IWRM IWRM is primarily concerned with planning and management of a basin’s shared resources for the benefit of all of the basin states. Its basis is that the many different uses of water resources are interdependent. That is evident to us all. High irrigation demands and polluted drainage flows from agriculture mean less freshwater for drinking or industrial use; contaminated municipal and industrial wastewater pollutes rivers and threatens ecosystems; if water has to be left in a river to protect fisheries and ecosystems, less can be diverted to grow crops.

Key Issues in Water Resource Management Water governance crisis Securing water for people Securing water for food production Protect vital ecosystems, Gender disparities

Watershed Functions Economic Sustainable Develop- Ecological ment The function of watersheds is the sustainable provision of goods and services. Economic Produce food, timber, fish, hydro power Sustain livelihoods Support income generation Sustainable Develop- ment Ecological Ensure water flow and quality within the watershed and further downstream Provide erosion control, soil fertility, biodiversity, clean air, carbon sequestration Social and Cultural Support indigenous culture and livelihoods Provide recreational opportunities Reference: Tuyll, C. 2007: MRC GTZ Watershed Management Programme – Consultative Meeting. Capacity Building Package 1. Power Point Presentation.

IWRM Framework

Major Components of IWRM Enabling Environment Policies – set goals for water use, protection and conservation. Legislative framework – the rules to follow to achieve policies and goals. Financing and incentive structures – allocate financial resources to meet water needs. Management Instruments the elements and methods that enable and help decision‐makers to make rational and informed choices between alternative actions Institutional roles this is ‘the range of political, social, economic and administrative systems that are in place

Dimensions of IWRM

The Water Resources Development Process: Sectoral (or Use) Approach Governance Health Water Quality Water Supply Floods/Droughts Energy Agriculture Industry Pollution Prev Coastal Mgt. Ecosystem Mgt. Activity Sectors (water uses) Social Development Economic Env . Protection Objectives Policy/Inst. Framework Management Institutions Prosperity

Prosperity Governance Activity Sectors (water uses) Social Development Health Water Quality Water Supply Floods/Droughts Energy Agriculture Industry Pollution Prev Coastal Mgt. Ecosystem Mgt. Activity Sectors (water uses) Social Development Economic Env . Protection Objectives Policy/Inst. Framework Management Institutions Feedback IWRM Water and water related policies review and revision Feedback IWRM Resource development, management, monitoring, and evaluation IWRM Resource availability/use analysis and allocation