4/28 Focus: Important Terms Do Now: Military technology and disease allowed the Spanish to quickly conquer Native people in the Americas. Important Terms Encomienda System Do Now: Identify one way that the Inca adapted to their physical geography and environment.

European Exploration and Imperialism in the Americas Spain

The Encounter Oct. 1492 Columbus lands in the West Indies Encounters Native Americans Initial relations between Spanish and Native Americans were friendly This changed when the Spanish tried to exploit Native Americans and their lands for profit

Motives for Spanish Imperialism God, Gold, and Glory God: Spanish wanted to convert Native Americans to Christianity Missionaries: priests who came to the Americas to convert Native Americans Gold: acquire wealth for Spain Glory: personal wealth and power

Conquistadors Spanish soldiers who came to North and South America for God, Gold, Glory Conquered native people throughout the Americas Guns germs (disease) iron weapons the horse

Conquistadors Hernan Cortez Explored Mexico Conquered the Aztec Empire in 1519

Conquistadors Francisco Pizarro Explored south America Destroyed the Incan Empire in 1532

Missions A religious community that usually included a town, surrounding farmland, and a church

Spanish Colonial Economy Treasures from the Americas! Was based on: mining gold and silver Farming sugar cane on plantations

The Encomienda System Forced Native Americans to pay tribute or provide labor to Spanish landowners

The Encomienda System Disease and overwork killed large numbers of Native Americans Led Spanish to start bringing slaves from Africa to work plantations

Bartolome de la Casas Spanish priest who convinced the Spanish gov’t to pass a law which forbid using Indians as slaves Led to Spain using Africans as slaves Known as the protector of the Indians

The Spanish Class Structure in the Americas Peninsulares People born in Spain Creoles People born in America with Spanish parents Mestizos People with mixed Spanish and Native American/African parents Mulattoes Native Americans African Slaves

Spanish Class Structure in the Americas Peninsulares People born in Spain; owned the land; ran gov’t Creoles Born to Spanish parents in the Americas Mesitzos & Mulattoes People with Spanish and Indian/African parents Native Americans & Enslaved Africans

Spanish Government in the Americas Spanish Viceroyalties Spain divided it’s territory into 4 provinces Each province run by a viceroy appointed by king

Closure Identify three reasons that Spanish conquistadors came to the Americas. What was the Encomienda System? Why did Spain begin bringing in African slaves as labor on their plantations?