1. The Spanish Empire and Colonies

2. Conquistador Hernan Cortes
Conquered by Hernan Cortes
Allied with other Native tribes against the Aztecs
Tenochtitlan destroyed
Gov’t buildings and Catholic churches built
Conquistador Hernan Cortes
Cortes in Moctezuma’s court
Conquest of the Aztecs

3. Spanish Colonization
Colony: a settlement of people living in a new territory linked to a parent country by trade and direct government control

4. Named after parent language
Spain and Portugal
Named after parent language
Spain establishes trade empire
Had access to large amounts of gold and silver from mining and trade
Brazil only Portuguese colony
New civilization called Latin America

5. Class Structure Born in Spain; held government positions Peninsulares
Creoles
Spanish Ancestry; born in Americas
Mestizos
Native American + European
Mulattoes
African+ European
Natives
Indigenous peoples
African Slaves

6. Economic Foundations Sources of Wealth Trade Farming
Gold and Silver Mining
Economic Foundations
Sources of Wealth
Trade
Farming

7. Economic Foundations Encomienda System: Mita: Peruvian labor system
Used to draft Natives for labor
Criticized by Catholic missionaries

8. Role of the Catholic Church
More influence in Latin America
Fought for rights of natives
Built new churches and provided education to Natives

9. Viceroyalty: Territory ruled by a Spanish governor (called a viceroy)
What are the five Spanish viceroyalties in the Americas?
Why is Brazil the only territory controlled by Portugal in South America?