1. Effects of the Conquistadors

2. Think-Pair-Share During the Age of Exploration, European countries sent explorers to Asia and North America. Many historians say they were motivated by God, gold, and glory. What do you think this means?

3. Spanish Settlements Hernan Cortes - captured the Aztec Empire Francisco Pizarro - captured the Inca Empire New Spain- Spain’s government wanted to control migration to the Americas and create a Spanish Empire

4. Spanish Empire

7. Social Structure These explorers convinced people from Spain to come to the Americas and settle o Social structure: Peninsulares- Born in Spain Creoles- Born in the New World to Spanish parents Mestizos- People born to Spanish and Native American parents Mulattoes- People born to Spanish and African parents

9. Spanish Treatment of Native Americans and Slaves In 1650, the Spanish Empire was made up of 3-4 million people- 80% were Native Americans Forced Labor o Encomienda System - a system which gave settlers the right to tax local Native Americans or to demand their labor in exchange for protecting them and converting them to Christianity *****More often, the Spanish treated the Native Americans as slaves and were cruel and abusive toward them****

11. Plantations Plantations - large farms that grew just one kind of crop o Plantations made a lot of money for the owner, but required a lot of labor which was done by Native Americans

12. Diseases Millions of Native Americans died due to diseases they got from contact with the Europeans within years of the arrival of Columbus Due to a decreasing population of Natives, and therefore a decreasing labor force, the Spanish agreed to turn to slaves from West Africa for labor

13. Middle Passage The voyage across the Atlantic Ocean that brought slaves from Africa to the Americas

15. Search for the Northwest Passage Northwest Passage- a non-existent water route through North America that would allow ships to sail from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean

16. Search for the Northwest Passage Many Explorers tried looking for the Northwest Passage o English-sent John Cabot- he led England to the Americas o French- sent Jacques Cartier- he claimed parts of Canada for France o Dutch - sent Henry Hudson- landed in New York (Hudson Bay/ Hudson River) o None of these explorers found a Northwest Passage, however their explorations led to increased European interest in North America o People began to have interest in creating colonies in North America