Day One OBJ: Explain the circumstances involved with second great removal of Native American tribes by the federal government. Evaluate federal Indian.

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Presentation transcript:

Day One OBJ: Explain the circumstances involved with second great removal of Native American tribes by the federal government. Evaluate federal Indian policy in the late 1800’s

THE TRAIL OF TEARS CHEROKEE INDIANS EAST OF THE MISSISSIPPI FORCED WEST THOUSANDS DIED OF STARVATION AND SICKNESS WHILE MARCHING TO RESERVATIONS

Major Indian Clashes:

SAND CREEK MASSACRE

Colonel John Chivington Kill and scalp all, big and little! Sandy Creek, CO Massacre November 29, 1864

SAND CREEK MASSACRE COLORADO-1864COLORADO-1864 CHEYENNE CHIEF BLACK KETTLE HAD RAISED A WHITE FLAG AND AMERICAN FLAG AS A SYMBOL OF PEACECHEYENNE CHIEF BLACK KETTLE HAD RAISED A WHITE FLAG AND AMERICAN FLAG AS A SYMBOL OF PEACE US GOVERNMENT OPENED FIRE KILLING SOME 450 INDIANSUS GOVERNMENT OPENED FIRE KILLING SOME 450 INDIANS 2/3 WERE WOMEN AND CHILDREN2/3 WERE WOMEN AND CHILDREN

The Battle of Little Big Horn 1876

BATTLE OF LITTLE BIG HORN THOUSANDS OF PROSPECTORS BEGAN NITRIDING THE SACRED BURIAL GROUNDS OF THE SIOUXTHOUSANDS OF PROSPECTORS BEGAN NITRIDING THE SACRED BURIAL GROUNDS OF THE SIOUX SIOUX LED BY CHIEF SITTING BULL AND FAMOUS WARRIOR CRAZY HORSESIOUX LED BY CHIEF SITTING BULL AND FAMOUS WARRIOR CRAZY HORSE US ARMY LED BY GEORGE CUSTERUS ARMY LED BY GEORGE CUSTER SIOUX KILLED ALL 265 SOLDIERSSIOUX KILLED ALL 265 SOLDIERS “CUSTERS LAST STAND”“CUSTERS LAST STAND”

Chief Joseph Nez Percé tribal retreat (1877)

THE NEZ PERCE OF OREGON DECIDED TO FIGHT INSTEAD OF BEING FORCED OFF THE LANDDECIDED TO FIGHT INSTEAD OF BEING FORCED OFF THE LAND LED BY CHIEF JOSEPHLED BY CHIEF JOSEPH LED HIS PEOPLE ON A 1500 MILE TREKLED HIS PEOPLE ON A 1500 MILE TREK

I AM TIRED; MY HEART IS SICK AND SAD; I WILL FIGHT NO MORE FOREVER” “ I AM TIRED; MY HEART IS SICK AND SAD; I WILL FIGHT NO MORE FOREVER” CHIEF JOSEPH

Western Reservations

Arapahoe “Ghost Dance”, 1890

WOUNDED KNEE-1890 ARMY TROOPS WERE DISARMING SIOUX WARRIORSARMY TROOPS WERE DISARMING SIOUX WARRIORS SOLDIERS ARMED WITH NEWLY DEVELOPED MACHINE GUNSSOLDIERS ARMED WITH NEWLY DEVELOPED MACHINE GUNS 200 MEN, WOMEN, AND CHILDREN GUNNED DOWN IN THE SNOW200 MEN, WOMEN, AND CHILDREN GUNNED DOWN IN THE SNOW

Chief Big Foot’s Lifeless Body Wounded Knee, SD, 1890

Land Lost by Native Americans: 1894

Indian Reservations Today

A WAY OF LIFE DESTROYED MILLIONS OF BUFFALO DESTROYED –THIS WAS THE INDIANS SOURCE OF LIFEMILLIONS OF BUFFALO DESTROYED –THIS WAS THE INDIANS SOURCE OF LIFE THE WHITE MENTALITY: “EVERY BUFFALO DEAD IS AN INDIAN GONE”THE WHITE MENTALITY: “EVERY BUFFALO DEAD IS AN INDIAN GONE”

ASSIMILATION THE IDEA THAT INDIANS SHOULD BE ABSORBED INTO WHITE CULTURE (IN ESSENCE TRYING TO MAKE THEM WHITE!) DAWES ACT

RESERVATION LANDS WERE BROKEN INTO PLOTS OF 80 ACRES TO BE GIVEN OUT TO INDIAN FAMILIES TO FARMRESERVATION LANDS WERE BROKEN INTO PLOTS OF 80 ACRES TO BE GIVEN OUT TO INDIAN FAMILIES TO FARM REMAINING LAND SOLD TO WHITESREMAINING LAND SOLD TO WHITES IF AN INDIAN AGREED TO THIS PLAN COULD BECOME CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATESIF AN INDIAN AGREED TO THIS PLAN COULD BECOME CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES

LIFE ON THE RESERVATION INDIANS BECAME LEGAL DEPENDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENTINDIANS BECAME LEGAL DEPENDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT CONDITIONS WERE HARSH WITH POOR QULITY FOOD AND CLOTHINGCONDITIONS WERE HARSH WITH POOR QULITY FOOD AND CLOTHING ILLNESS, ALCHOLISM, UNEMPLOYMENT, AND DESPAIR SOAREILLNESS, ALCHOLISM, UNEMPLOYMENT, AND DESPAIR SOARE