C HILDHOOD D ISORDERS Behavioral Disorders, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, and Mental Retardation

B EHAVIOR D ISORDERS Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Conduct Disorder Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A TTENTION -D EFICIT /H YPERACTIVITY D ISORDER ADHD Symptoms: Inattention Hyperactivity Impulsivity Theories Immaturity of the brain Genetics Prenatal and birth complications Disrupted families Treatments Drugs and Therapy

C ONDUCT D ISORDER Symptoms: Behaviors that violate the basic rights of others and the norms for social behavior Theories: Genetics Brain deficits Difficult temperament Role of parents and peers Treatments: Drugs and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies

O PPOSITIONAL D EFIANT D ISORDER ODD Symptoms: Argumentativeness Negativity Defiance Theories: Treatments *Similar to Conduct Disorder but not as sever

P ERVASIVE D EVELOPMENTAL D ISORDERS Autism Rett’s Disorder Childhood Disintegrative Disorder Asperger’s Disorder

A UTISM Symptoms: Range of deficits in social interaction, communication, and activities & interests Theories: Biological Factors Role of vaccines? Treatments: SSRIs Antipsychotics Stimulants

A SPERGER ’ S D ISORDER Deficits in social interaction and in activities and interests that are similar to those of autism Difference: No significant delays/deviance in language First 3 years of life, children appear to be normal

M ENTAL R ETARDATION Must show deficits in at least two of the following categories: Communication Self-care Home living Social or interpersonal skills Use of community resources Self-direction Academic skills Personal safety Onset before age 18

Genetic Disorders Early Alterations of Embryonic development Later Pregnancy and Perinatal Problems Acquired Childhood Diseases/Accidents Environmental Factors Behavioral Strategies Drug Therapies Social Programs TheoriesTreatments

D OWN S YNDROME Cause: 23 rd set of chromosomes is present in a triplicate rather than in a duplicate Characteristics: Round, flat faces Almond-shaped eyes Small noses Slightly protruding lips and tongues Short, square hands *Cause of Mental Retardation