Judaism Objectives Learn about the basic beliefs of Judaism Find out about the effect that Judaism has had on other religions

The Torah The Torah is the most sacred text of the Jewish people. It tells the history and laws of the Israelites. It is made up of 5 books (known to Christians as the Old Testament).

Beliefs of Judaism-God Monotheistic- believed in one God The Israelites believed they had a covenant, or binding agreement, with God. – God promised that he would lead them to Canaan. – God promised that Abraham’s people would be kings and build nations. – In return, the Israelites had to believe in and obey only Him. ** Because of this promise (covenant), the Israelites considered themselves to be God’s “chosen people.”

Beliefs of Judaism-Laws The Ten Commandments – God delivered the Commandments to the Israelites through Moses as he led his people to Canaan. – Included religious duties – Informed correct behavior – Addressed everyday matters (such as Kosher food prep) – Detailed laws and punishment

Beliefs of Judaism-Women Women had more rights under Jewish law. Laws required that mothers were treated with respect. Women could avoid physical contact with their husbands. At first, women could be religious leaders. BUT Women were owned by their husbands, and they could not seek divorce. Later, women could no longer hold leadership roles. Deborah

Beliefs of Judaism- Morality The prophets communicated God’s message about moral behavior. – Live good and decent lives. – The rich and powerful should protect the poor and weak. – All people are equal under God’s law.

Effects of Judaism Diaspora- Jewish people were scattered away from their homeland in Jerusalem

Effects of Judaism Jewish people preserved their heritage. – Lived in communities – Continued to obey religious laws – Worshiped at temples – Followed traditions, such as Passover

Effects of Judaism Judaism influenced the development of Christianity and Islam. Similarities Began in same geographical region Monotheistic All honor Abraham, Moses, and the prophets Share moral point of view (code of ethics)