Culture What traits do you see?

Culture What traits do you see?

Culture What traits do you see?

Culture What traits do you see?

Culture What traits do you see?

Culture What traits do you see?

Cultural Vocabulary  Cultural Landscape  Cultural Hearth  Assimilation  Acculturation  Transculturation  Environmental Determinism  Possibilism  Cultural Diffusion  Sequent Occupance  Cultural Landscape  Cultural Hearth  Assimilation  Acculturation  Transculturation  Environmental Determinism  Possibilism  Cultural Diffusion  Sequent Occupance

Cultural Landscape  combined work of nature and man  Culture traits that you can see  combined work of nature and man  Culture traits that you can see

Cultural Landscape  combined work of nature and man

Cultural Landscape  Which of the following is NOT a part of the cultural landscape of any area? –Burial sites –Houses of worship –Unemployment rates –Factories –Educational institutions  Which of the following is NOT a part of the cultural landscape of any area? –Burial sites –Houses of worship –Unemployment rates –Factories –Educational institutions

Cultural Landscape  With your partner discuss ten possible elements of cultural landscape.

Cultural Landscape  With your partner discuss ten possible elements of cultural landscape.  Now discuss ten cultural traits that do not affect the cultural landscape.  With your partner discuss ten possible elements of cultural landscape.  Now discuss ten cultural traits that do not affect the cultural landscape.

Cultural Hearths  Culture began in the hearths. –examples  Culture began in the hearths. –examples

Cultural Hearths  Culture (and thus the landscape) began in hearths.  Major Cultural Hearths –Nile –Indus –Huang Ho –Ganges –Mesopotamia –Mesoamerica –Andes –West Africa  Culture (and thus the landscape) began in hearths.  Major Cultural Hearths –Nile –Indus –Huang Ho –Ganges –Mesopotamia –Mesoamerica –Andes –West Africa

Cultural Hearths  What did they have in common?

Cultural Hearths  What did they have in common? –Fresh water (rivers) –Climate –Ag surplus –Cultural advancements  What did they have in common? –Fresh water (rivers) –Climate –Ag surplus –Cultural advancements

Cultural Hearths  Culture began in the hearths.  Some are better examples than others  Some left a footprint on the landscape more than others  Examples of hearths that left a footprint on the landscape  Examples that did not  Culture began in the hearths.  Some are better examples than others  Some left a footprint on the landscape more than others  Examples of hearths that left a footprint on the landscape  Examples that did not

Cultural Hearths  Modern Cultural Hearths –Advancement –Leadership  London  Tokyo  New York  Shanghai  Modern Cultural Hearths –Advancement –Leadership  London  Tokyo  New York  Shanghai

Cultural Hearths  Modern Cultural Hearths –Advancement –Leadership  London  Tokyo  New York  Shanghai  Modern Cultural Hearths –Advancement –Leadership  London  Tokyo  New York  Shanghai

Assimilation  minority group adapts to the customs and attitudes of the prevailing culture –Irish migration –German migration –Italian migration  minority group adapts to the customs and attitudes of the prevailing culture –Irish migration –German migration –Italian migration

Acculturation  Merging of cultures –African migration –Asian migration –Latin migration Shared traits proportional to population Shared but distinguishable  Merging of cultures –African migration –Asian migration –Latin migration Shared traits proportional to population Shared but distinguishable

Transculturation  Ortiz (Cuba)  Uprooting and replacement of one culture for another. (neoculturization)  Europeans domination of Native Americans  Failed in Cuba that led to acculturation  Ortiz (Cuba)  Uprooting and replacement of one culture for another. (neoculturization)  Europeans domination of Native Americans  Failed in Cuba that led to acculturation

Culture of the United States With your partner make a list of examples to illustrate how the United States has experienced assimilation, acculturation, and transculturation in reference to: language religion music With your partner make a list of examples to illustrate how the United States has experienced assimilation, acculturation, and transculturation in reference to: language religion music

Cultural Diffusion  Diffusion = spread or transport  Cultural Diffusion = spread of traits  Diffusion = spread or transport  Cultural Diffusion = spread of traits

Cultural Diffusion  Diffusion = spread or transport  Cultural Diffusion = spread of traits –Contagious –Hierarchical –Migrant  Diffusion = spread or transport  Cultural Diffusion = spread of traits –Contagious –Hierarchical –Migrant

Contagious Diffusion  Examples –Are they absolute examples? –Distance decay –Barriers (examples)  Examples –Are they absolute examples? –Distance decay –Barriers (examples)

Migrant Diffusion  Idea or trait begins in one place, then moves to another without a lasting impact from where it departed. –example  Idea or trait begins in one place, then moves to another without a lasting impact from where it departed. –example

Hierarchical Diffusion  Hierarchy-order –Top to bottom –Basic to advanced –From large to small  Hierarchy-order –Top to bottom –Basic to advanced –From large to small

What kind of diffusion?  Bell bottom pants  Mexican restaurants  Rap music  Large loop earrings  Internet  Bell bottom pants  Mexican restaurants  Rap music  Large loop earrings  Internet

Sequent Occupance  Result of diffusion of multiple ideas or uses on the cultural landscape –Movie theater –Church –Offices Examples  Result of diffusion of multiple ideas or uses on the cultural landscape –Movie theater –Church –Offices Examples

Diffusion  Think back to the examples of assimilation, acculturation and transculturation of language, religion and music in the United States.

Diffusion  Think back to the examples of assimilation, acculturation and transculturation of language, religion and music in the United States.  How did the diffusion of each take place?  Think back to the examples of assimilation, acculturation and transculturation of language, religion and music in the United States.  How did the diffusion of each take place?

Limitations?? Environmental Determinism Vs Possiblism Environmental Determinism Vs Possiblism

Environmental Determinism  Huntington, Borrows, etc.  Environment determines behavior –Far north, harsh, hard working, not very smart. –Warmer equatorial climate, lazy, no hurry, apathetic –Temperate, leaders, good balance  Huntington, Borrows, etc.  Environment determines behavior –Far north, harsh, hard working, not very smart. –Warmer equatorial climate, lazy, no hurry, apathetic –Temperate, leaders, good balance

Environmental Determinism  Late 1800’s early 1900’s  Ratzel, Semple, some thought Darwin  Late 1800’s early 1900’s  Ratzel, Semple, some thought Darwin

Environmental Determinism  Late 1800’s early 1900’s  Ratzel, Semple,  Led to racism, Nazism, imperialism  Opposition in early 1900’s  Late 1800’s early 1900’s  Ratzel, Semple,  Led to racism, Nazism, imperialism  Opposition in early 1900’s

Possiblism  Sahlins, Sauer  Counter determinism  Examples  Sahlins, Sauer  Counter determinism  Examples

Possiblism  Sahlins, Sauer  Counter determinism  Examples  Sahlins, Sauer  Counter determinism  Examples

Possiblism  Sahlins, Sauer  Counter determinism  Examples  Sahlins, Sauer  Counter determinism  Examples

Possiblism  Sahlins, Sauer  Counter determinism  Examples  Sahlins, Sauer  Counter determinism  Examples

Possiblism  Sahlins, Sauer  Counter determinism  Examples  Sahlins, Sauer  Counter determinism  Examples

Organic Theory  Ratzel  States are like living organisms  Ratzel  States are like living organisms

Organic Theory  Ratzel  States are like living organisms  They live, they grow, they will get larger and stronger…. And….  Ratzel  States are like living organisms  They live, they grow, they will get larger and stronger…. And….

Organic Theory  Ratzel  States are like living organisms  They live, they grow, they will get larger and stronger…. And…. They die  Ratzel  States are like living organisms  They live, they grow, they will get larger and stronger…. And…. They die

Organic Theory  Ratzel  States are like living organisms  They live, they grow, they will get larger and stronger…. And…. Give examples  Ratzel  States are like living organisms  They live, they grow, they will get larger and stronger…. And…. Give examples

FRQ #  With reference to each of the following, explain how religion has formed the cultural landscape. Support each explanation with one specific example.  A. Sacred sites  B. Burial practices/sites  C. Architecture  D. Place names  With reference to each of the following, explain how religion has formed the cultural landscape. Support each explanation with one specific example.  A. Sacred sites  B. Burial practices/sites  C. Architecture  D. Place names

Continuation of Concepts  Diffusion –Agriculture –Technology –Governments –Fashion  Diffusion –Agriculture –Technology –Governments –Fashion

Continuation of Concepts  Culture –Religion –Language –Agriculture –Urban areas  Culture –Religion –Language –Agriculture –Urban areas

Last question  What cultural landscape has had the largest effect on the earth?