Bellringer 2//12 1. Where do you think this picture was taken? Why? 2. When do you think the picture was taken? Why? 3. What does the picture tell you about race relations in the United States at this time?

Challenging Segregation The Start of the Civil Rights Movement

Important Court Decisions Plessy v. Ferguson 1896 Supreme Court decision that upheld the “separate but equal” clause Jim Crow laws are passed in southern states aimed at separating the races

Brown v. Board of Education Put an end to segregation in public schools Many southern states resisted (Little Rock Nine)

Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955) Started when Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus Boycott was led by Martin Luther King Jr.; lasted 18 months

Civil Rights Organizations SCLCSNCC Organization set up to stage protests and demonstrations in the South Used African American churches as a base Made up of middle- aged and older volunteers Organization set up to stage national protests Sought quicker change than the SCLC; many student volunteers

The Movement Spreads Non-violent Protest Both the SCLC and SNCC believed in using non-violence to achieve their goals Used boycotts, marches/protests, and sit-ins Gained national attention