THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
Guided Reading
French & Indian War Timeline
WHO: who was involved in this war… FRANCE (most) Native Americans: HURON New France (Canada) Russian Empire Spain Sweden Portugal GREAT BRITAIN 13 British colonies Iroquois Confederacy: “6 Nations” – (MOHAWK, Secena, Onondaga, Cayuga, Tuscarora, Oneida) Ireland Prussia -VS-
French troops >>> Iroquois Confederacy flag >>> WHO: continued… French troops >>> <<< George Washington (British) Iroquois Confederacy flag >>>
WHAT: what happened in this war… VS Great Britain France The French and Indian War was fought to decide which of Britain or France would become the stronger power in North America, each side relying on its colonists and Indian (Native American) allies to fight. The war officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris (1763).
<<< Battle of Quebec WHAT: continued… British commander Edward Braddock and his troops preparing to march on the French-held Fort Duquesne (now Pittsburgh, Pa.) during the French and Indian War. >>> <<< Battle of Quebec (turning point in the war) Though British commander Gen. Wolfe is killed (along with French commander Montcalm), British forces seize Quebec in dramatic uphill attack.
WHAT: continued…
WHAT: continued…
French and Indian War (1754 – 1763) WHEN: when did this war take place? French and Indian War (1754 – 1763)
WHERE: where did this war take place? CANADA and THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY (the land NORTH of the Ohio River, and EAST of the Mississippi River) Specifically (in the New World): French colonies (New France/Canada) – New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec City, and Newfoundland English colonies – Pennsylvania and New York
start of the French and Indian War WHERE: continued… start of the French and Indian War
Why: Why is this war important? The end result was France's loss of all of its colonies in North America to the English. The colonists had learned to unite against a common foe – colonists felt proud to be British Britain also gained control of French Canada. Spain gained Louisiana (including New Orleans) in compensation for its loss of Florida to the British. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was issued, prohibiting colonists from engaging in further expansion west of the Appalachian Mountains. It plunged Britain into debt, which the Crown (King George III) chose to pay off with increased tax money from its colonies – the STAMP ACT (1765)
Historical novel “Last of the Mohicans” by James Fennimore Cooper This novel helped establish Cooper as one of the first world-famous American writers. The story takes place in 1757 during the Seven Years' War (known in America as the French and Indian War), when France and the United Kingdom battled for control of the American and Canadian colonies.