Chapter 4: Section 1 Subsistence farming Triangular Trade- Most inhumane part of triangular trade route? Cash crop-

German Immigrants Most of the nearly 100,000 German immigrants who came to America in the colonial era settled in Pennsylvania. Supply and demand? The main cash crop in South Carolina was rice.

Tidewater and Backcountry Tidewater- Backcountry- In the backcountry region, settlers grew corn or tobacco on small farms. Slavery: Most slaves lived on plantations. Slave codes-strict rules governing the behavior and punishment of enslaved Africans.

Section 2 Glorious Revolution-In England Parliament forced out King James and replaced with his daughter English Bill of Rights-guaranteed basic rights to citizens: basis for our Bill of Rights

Mercantilism As a nations trade grows, its gold reserves increases, and the nation becomes more powerful

England had to… Export-sell abroad Import-buy goods from foreign markets

Navigation Acts Directed the flow of goods between England and the colonies Angered the colonists Smuggling-

Colonial Government Idea that government was not all powerful This idea first appeared in the Magna Carta Principle of limited government, power of the king (or government) is limited

Types of Colonies Charter- Proprietary- Royal-

Emerging Culture Great Awakening-religious revival that swept through the colonies s Apprentice-learning assistant

Education Literacy-ability to read and write 85% of men and 50% of women First college was Harvard established by the Puritans in Mass.

Enlightenment This movement, which began in Europe, spread the idea that knowledge, reason, and science could improve society Spread to the colonies as well

Freedom of the Press John Peter Zenger faced charges for printing libel statements. Found innocent Important first step in freedom of the press

Section 4 The French and Indian War- Struggle between England and France. French had alliances with the Native American tribes What is an alliance?

General Edward Braddock was the commander of the British forces in America March to Duquesne was a disaster. Over 1000 casualties. Braddock was killed.

Seven Years’ War The fighting in America helped start the S.Y.W. in Europe. Britain formed an alliance with Prussia At the beginning of the French and Indian War, Britain suffered many losses. Changed when William Pitt took over as prime minister. Oversaw war effort from Britain. He picked good officers. Two were Jeffrey Amherst and James Wolfe.

Fall of New France France began suffering losses. Defeated at Quebec. The capital of New France. Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the war. North America was divided between Britain and Spain

Trouble of the Frontier British took NA land. Raised prices of goods. This led to NA frustration. Pontiac, chief of the Ottawa people, recognized that the British threatened their way of life. Planned raids on the British forts. Britain settled this dispute with the Proclamation of Appalachian Mountains were the temporary western boundary for the colonies.