1. The Colonies Come of Age Chapter 3 Power-Point Notes

2. England and its Colonies Prosper Established colonies based on theory of mercantilism Established colonies based on theory of mercantilism Concentrated on their “Balance of Trade” Concentrated on their “Balance of Trade” England viewed the colonists’ pursuit of foreign markets as an economic threat England viewed the colonists’ pursuit of foreign markets as an economic threat 1651, Parliament passed the Navigation Acts 1651, Parliament passed the Navigation Acts

3. Tensions Emerge Britain takes New England’s charter away Britain takes New England’s charter away Sir Edmund Andros appointed ruler of New England Sir Edmund Andros appointed ruler of New England 1689, Glorious Revolution begins back in England 1689, Glorious Revolution begins back in England Colonists launch bloodless rebellion of their own Colonists launch bloodless rebellion of their own

4. England Loosens the Reins England began policy of Salutary Neglect England began policy of Salutary Neglect Colonial Assemblies had great power and influence over appointed governors Colonial Assemblies had great power and influence over appointed governors Colonies developing a taste for self-government that would eventually create the conditions for rebellion Colonies developing a taste for self-government that would eventually create the conditions for rebellion North and South start to become 2 very distinct regions North and South start to become 2 very distinct regions

5. A Plantation Economy Arises Plantation system began to dominate the South Plantation system began to dominate the South Most farms specialized in raising a single cash crop Most farms specialized in raising a single cash crop Charles Town was the only large port city of the South Charles Town was the only large port city of the South Planters controlled most of the economy Planters controlled most of the economy

6. Commerce Grows in the North Farms in New England and Middle colonies usually produced several crops Farms in New England and Middle colonies usually produced several crops Diverse commercial economy developed Diverse commercial economy developed Merchants were one of the most powerful groups in the north Merchants were one of the most powerful groups in the north Many large port cities grew Many large port cities grew

7. Similarities between North and South Many immigrants migrated to both the South and North Many immigrants migrated to both the South and North Women considered second-class citizens Women considered second-class citizens Population of indentured servants declined at the end of the 1600s. Population of indentured servants declined at the end of the 1600s. Both began to use African slaves Both began to use African slaves

8. Portraits of Slavery

9. Slavery in the North vs. Slavery in the South Most saw Africans’ dark skin as a sign of inferiority Most saw Africans’ dark skin as a sign of inferiority Much higher population of slaves in the South as compared to the north Much higher population of slaves in the South as compared to the north In the South, slaves were treated like animals In the South, slaves were treated like animals In the North, slaves at least had some legal rights In the North, slaves at least had some legal rights

10. New Ideas Influence the Colonists The Enlightenment movement exploded in the 1700s The Enlightenment movement exploded in the 1700s Ben Franklin became leading figure in the Enlightenment Ben Franklin became leading figure in the Enlightenment Jonathan Edwards had a different view of humanity than Franklin Jonathan Edwards had a different view of humanity than Franklin The Great Awakening grew around preachers like Edwards The Great Awakening grew around preachers like Edwards Although different, both movements caused people to question traditional authority Although different, both movements caused people to question traditional authority

11. The French and Indian War Begins British and French empires in North America collided in 1754 British and French empires in North America collided in 1754 George Washington’s militia attacked the fort in May of 1754 – French and Indian War begins George Washington’s militia attacked the fort in May of 1754 – French and Indian War begins Angered by French victories, King George II chose William Pitt as one of his new leaders Angered by French victories, King George II chose William Pitt as one of his new leaders September 1759, British triumph in Quebec September 1759, British triumph in Quebec Officially ends with signing of Treaty of Paris in 1763 Officially ends with signing of Treaty of Paris in 1763

12. Effects of the War

13. Victory Brings New Problems 1763, Pontiac led Native revolt against British 1763, Pontiac led Native revolt against British Proclamation of 1763 signed to prevent further conflicts Proclamation of 1763 signed to prevent further conflicts British cracked down hard on Colonial smuggling British cracked down hard on Colonial smuggling Stationed 10,000 British troops in colonies Stationed 10,000 British troops in colonies 1764, Sugar Act enacted 1764, Sugar Act enacted These disagreements would soon swell into outright rebellion in the colonies These disagreements would soon swell into outright rebellion in the colonies