The Roman Empire. Roman Historians Pliny the Elder – questionable depictions of emperors Josephus (Jewish) – extra-Biblical information about Jesus Christ.

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Presentation transcript:

The Roman Empire

Roman Historians Pliny the Elder – questionable depictions of emperors Josephus (Jewish) – extra-Biblical information about Jesus Christ Philo of Alexandria Seneca

Julius Caesar, pre-empire dictator

Assassination of Caesar 44 BC – the Ides of March (3/15) Killed by senators including Brutus

Octavian Julius Caesar’s great nephew JC adopted him After JC assassinated, gathered armies and marched on Rome Marc Antony blocked his adoption Cicero spoke out against Marc Antony, Octavian elected proconsul Second Triumvirate formed

Second Triumvirate Formed in 43 BC Octavian (later Augustus Caesar) – Sardinia, Sicily Africa Marc Antony – parts of Gaul Marcus Aemilius Lepidus – Spain, parts of Gaul Lepidus favored Antony

Augustus Caesar

Breakup and war Marc Antony left his wife (actually Octavian’s sister) and falls for Cleopatra 2 nd Triumvirate over in 33 BC Augustus accuses Antony of allying with Egypt to overthrow Rome Battle of Actium – Antony defeated, he and Cleopatra commit suicide

Rule of Augustus Caesar 27 BC – 14 AD Jesus Christ in the New Testament refers to “Caesar” (Augustus Caesar) “Pax Romana” – Roman peace Fire-fighters in Rome Peace with Parthians Praetorian guard Road system, courier system

Julian-Claudian Dynasty Tiberius AD – Pliny the Elder called him “gloomy” Caligula AD – divinity, Incitatus, assassinated by senators and Praetorian guard, Mauretania Claudius 41 – 54 AD – Caligula’s uncle, cozy with Senate, mentioned in Acts, Britannia Nero AD – Great Fire in 64, avoided assassination