Positive and Negative Effects Industrializaton Positive and Negative Effects

Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution affected every part of life in Great Britain and is considered to be a mixed blessing. GOOD- Industrialization led to a better quality of life BAD- Industrialization caused human suffering

Good Effects Wages higher in factories than in farms With this money, more people could afford to heat their homes People had better diets Wore better clothing

Bad Effects Unsafe/Unhealthy working conditions Air and water pollution Child labor Rise in class tensions Unsanitary living conditions

How has industry affected your life? Negative Outcomes Health problems Pollution Positive Outcomes Consumer goods Plenty of jobs

Industrialization Changes Life

Industrial Cities Rise Factory system - manufacturing of goods was concentrated in a central location (factory) not in houses Urbanization – Growth of cities as people came looking for jobs

Population Multiplies Population of England Population of London Population in Agriculture 1750 6 million 500,000 65% of population 1850 21 million 3 million 25% of population

Living Conditions Cities grew so fast, they were not ready to handle it They had no development plans, sanitary codes, or building codes.

Living Conditions Living conditions very poor for the working class. Unpaved streets, no drains, no garbage collection Workers lived in dark shelters, with whole families crowded in one bedroom Multiple families shared one bathroom Crowded caused diseases to spread, (ex: cholera) Lack of police protection Lack of education

Working Class Living

Tenements

Working Conditions To increase production, factory owners wanted to keep their machines running as many hours as possible. Result = Average work day was 14 hours, 6 days a week. Work did not change with the seasons (like farming), it was the same week after week, year after year

Working Conditions Industry also posed new dangers for workers Factories were poorly lit, and weren’t clean. Machines injured workers, as their body parts would get caught in them. No government program to provide aid in case of an injury.

Women and Child Labor Many women and children were employed in industry because they were the cheapest source of labor. Women and children worked in harsh conditions up to 14 hours a day. Families needed the child’s income.

Child Labor

Women in the Textile Industry

Women at Work

Class Tensions Grow

Class Tensions Grow Poverty gripped Britain’s working class. However, the Industrial Revolution created enormous wealth in the nation Factory owners, shippers, and merchants controlled most of this new wealth They were part of a new growing middle class, a social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, businessmen, and wealthy farmers.

Pyramid of British Social Classes Land owners/aristocrats 1 Upper Class Factory owners, merchants, and shippers, doctors, lawyers, managers Upper Middle Class (bourgeoisie) 2 Factory overseers, skilled workers 3 Lower Middle Class Lower Working Class 4 Poor city dwellers, child labors, factory workers

Middle Class Before, landowners and aristocrats owned most of the wealth and top positions in Britain’s social structure. British industrial society consisted of some of the middle class obtaining more wealth and influence than the upper class (landowners and aristocrats). Middle class = Government workers, doctors, lawyers, and managers of factories, mines, and shops. Lower Middle class = Factory overseers, skilled workers such as toolmakers, mechanical drafters, and printers

Middle Class Living The middle class had nice homes on paved streets, a stable supply of water and fancy clothes. Women stayed home with the children.

Working Class Between 1800 and 1850, the working class saw little improvement in their living and working conditions. Machines replaced workers

Positive and Negative Effects of the Industrial Revolution

In Closing Which change brought on by the Industrial Revolution had the greatest impact? The Industrial Revolution has been described as a mixed blessing (it was good, but also bad). Do you agree or disagree? Support your answer.