THE STUDY OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Students should be able to: distinguish population size from population density, identify causes of rapid population growth, and list some traits that define culture. Pages: 86-99

The Web of Culture--The whole world as 100 people  If we could shrink the earth’s population to a village of precisely 100 people, with all the existing human ratios remaining the same it would look like this:  Asians  Europeans  North American  Latin American  Africans  females  Christian  Non-white  malnourished Pages: 86-99

Results—The Wheel of Culture  Asians--60  Europeans—10.4  North American--5  Latin American—8.6  Africans—15.5  females—49.8  Christian—31  Non white-70  malnourished--13 Pages: Stats taken from:

The Wheel of Culture Pages: 86-99

What does the word culture mean to you? How is it connected to Geography? Pages:  Culture consists of all the skills, behaviors, values, and customs particular to a certain group of people. Culture is learned behavior – or simply: a way of life.  It is reflected in both objects and ideas (material and nonmaterial items)  Human Geographers study people. They might look at populations, rates of birth, marriage, death, beliefs, and actions that define a way of life.  Geographers might also look at population density – or how many people live in a given area. They might even consider why people live where they do.

Human Geography Pages:  This aspect of geography includes the study of topics like:  Languages  Religions  Economic Systems  Political System  Food  Clothing  Architecture  Arts/Crafts  Technology  Patterns of Behavior

The Nature of Culture  Culture is reflected in both objects and ideas – meaning it can be found in the tangible and intangible or material and nonmaterial.  What are some aspects you can list? Pages: 86-99

Culture and Human Environmental Interaction Pages:  Humans adapt to the environment, but also change the environment, and use the environment.  Just a Few Examples: Deforestation Introduction of new grasses Plowing soil Damming rivers Burning fossil fuels.

Culture and Cultural Landscapes  As human beings use natural resources or alter the surface of the earth, they produce unique cultural landscapes that reflect specific cultures.  A cultural hearth is the beginning point for ideas. Examples?  Cultures are changed by internal and external forces/influences. Sometimes these are referred to as push/pull factors. Think about the migration of people.  The movement of cultural components is called diffusion (examples).  The modifying of cultural components is acculturation-- McDonald's Menu McDonald's Menu

What cultural characteristics do you see? Pages: Use the topics you just considered…

What cultural characteristics do you see? Pages: Use the topics you just considered…

What cultural characteristics do you see? Pages: Use the topics you just considered…

What cultural characteristics do you see? Pages: Use the topics you just considered…

What cultural characteristics do you see? Pages: Use the topics you just considered…

Where People Live: Pages:  The world contains over 6.7 billion people. ( You won’t even live 1 billion seconds until you are 31 years old!)  Some places have lots of people, while others are empty. What factors lead people to live where they do?  71% of the earth is water, the remaining land has limited amounts of land that will support people.  As a result, people live where: soil is arable, water is plentiful enough, climate is mild enough for crops.

Due to unequal distribution of resources… Pages:  The world is populated in an unequal distribution. What is the geographic measurement of people in a given area?  Population Density. How is it calculated?  Total population of an area / total land area  Problems with this calculation?  Perhaps figure tot. pop / arable land  Other suggestions?

Population is growing, but where ?  Look at the graphs in your textbook on page  When did the population boom begin?  Where is it happening?  Significance? Pages: 86-99

What will the effects of population growth be?  There is more than one answer here.  Some geographers predict horror, while others are optimistic about technology and human creativity.  What do you think?  Do these population events impact our life? Pages: 86-99

Most people live in one of four regions:  East Asia –China, Japan  South Asia – India, Pakistan  Europe  Eastern North America  Many of these regions are highly urban (related to city population) – opposite of rural (countryside population) – the pattern of movement is toward urbanization. Pages: 86-99

Human Geography Pages:  A special focus of geography is demography (description of a given population) – demographics like:  Birth rate  Literacy  Gross Domestic Product  Person Per Physician  Life Expectancy  There are many others…

A few of the first questions asked by geographers include… Pages:  Where do people live and why?  What are these people like?  How have they adapted, changed, used the environment?  Have they moved ideas, goods, populations?  Can they be connected to other groups that are alike?  All of these questions helps to provide a basis for the human geography of a place or region.