Progressives

What are some of the problems in society? Factory Workers City life Big business domination (no competition) Race relations Inequality for women Lack of involvement by all Americans in politics Abuse of alcohol

Men’s lodging room

Dens of Death

A flat

Who were the Progressives? Middle class reformers who were trying to solve the social problems of the time period  Areas of reform: drinking, child labor, women, working conditions, the environment, factory products Who are the muckrakers?- ________________  Upton Sinclair- ___________________________  Ida Tarbell- ______________________________

Prohibition Reformers upset with the money spent on alcohol  Instead of on families  Targeted the poor & immigrants  Led mainly by women Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) Anti-Saloon League **successful in the 20 th century

Child Labor Kids working long hours in dangerous conditions  Why? National Child Labor Committee  Sent investigators into factories to take photos Keating-Owen Act 1916  Can’t use child labor if product crosses state lines  Court overturns it later, so it’s a short term victory

Working Hours Reformers hoping for laws to lower the working day (hours) Successful in 2 court cases-  Bunting v. Oregon  10 hours for men  Muller v. Oregon  10 hours for women

Conditions in the cities Reformers horrified by the living conditions Cities start to pass laws requiring buildings to meet certain standards  Running water, toilets, proper ventilation

Identifying bodies at the morgue, after the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire. Courtesy Franklin Delano Roosevelt Library

Political Reforms Americans want a greater voice in politics Reforms at the state level  Initiative  Referendum  Recall Reforms at the national level-  17 th Amendment

Hull House Created by Jane Addams Wanted to help immigrants survive in America  Offered classes  Taught English

Suffrage What’s the 1 st time women started to demand rights? Who were the leaders?

Suffrage Want the right to vote Leaders- Susan B. Anthony Organization- National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA) Gain suffrage in some western states **successful in the 20 th century

Teddy Roosevelt’s Reforms Called the Square Deal Trusts  TR didn’t necessarily believe trusts were bad, but they were if they hurt public interest  Tries to break up “bad” trusts” Environment  Problems: Western lands disappearing, waste going into rivers, overgrazing  Conservation  Set aside land for national parks for people to enjoy

Teddy Roosevelt’s Reforms Meat  TR read The Jungle & was inspired to do something  Created a commission to research & investigate  Meat Inspection Act 1906 Drugs/Medicine  Problems?  Pure Food & Drug Act 1906  Doesn’t completely stop the sale of contaminated foods & medicines, but it’s a good step  Labels

TR earns the nickname of “Teddy Bear”

Civil Rights Review- Washington & DuBois  What did each man want?  Washington- self help  DuBois- education for the top DuBois creates the NAACP  Wanted equality

Election of 1912 Republicans- Taft Teddy runs his own party- Bull Moose Party (splits Republican party) Democrats- Woodrow Wilson Socialists- Eugene V. Debs Winner: Wilson

Later Reforms Taft  Broke up more trusts than TR Wilson  Clayton Anti-Trust Act  Graduated income tax (16 th )  Women 19 th  Wilson does little for Civil Rights