Personal Health

Personal Health Vocabulary epidermis – the outer layer of skin epidermis – the outer layer of skin dermis – the layer of living cells below the epidermis dermis – the layer of living cells below the epidermis acne – is inflammation of the skin that happens when pores get clogged with dirt and oil acne – is inflammation of the skin that happens when pores get clogged with dirt and oil dermatologist – a person or physician who cares for skin dermatologist – a person or physician who cares for skin

The Skin 1. parts 1. parts a. epidermis – outer layer a. epidermis – outer layer 1. the outermost cells of the epidermis are dead 1. the outermost cells of the epidermis are dead b. dermis – layer under the epidermis, living cells b. dermis – layer under the epidermis, living cells 1. hair follicles 1. hair follicles *Oil glands are connected to hair follicle *Oil glands are connected to hair follicle *Too much oil causes pimples (acne) clogged pores *Too much oil causes pimples (acne) clogged pores *oil glands keep your skin soft and flexible *oil glands keep your skin soft and flexible

The skin 2. sweat glands – cools the body, eliminates waste 2. sweat glands – cools the body, eliminates waste 3. nerve endings – give you a sense of touch 3. nerve endings – give you a sense of touch 4. fat layer under skin helps keep you warm 4. fat layer under skin helps keep you warm c. protection – from germs/infection unless it is cut c. protection – from germs/infection unless it is cut

2. Skin Care 2. skin care 2. skin care a. dermatologist – a person or physician who cares for skin a. dermatologist – a person or physician who cares for skin b. wash skin – to get rid of dirt, sweat, and bacteria (odor) b. wash skin – to get rid of dirt, sweat, and bacteria (odor) c. protect your skin with sunscreen and clothing c. protect your skin with sunscreen and clothing 1. avoid sun from 10am to 2pm d. eat healthy – drink water to flush out your system d. eat healthy – drink water to flush out your system e. rest – make sure you get enough sleep each night e. rest – make sure you get enough sleep each night

Skin Review Review Lesson 1 Review Lesson 1 1. What are four ways to keep your skin healthy? 1. What are four ways to keep your skin healthy? 2. Describe the two layers of skin. 2. Describe the two layers of skin.

Lesson 2 Hair/Nails Vocabulary 1. dandruff – flaky, dried clumps of dead cells 1. dandruff – flaky, dried clumps of dead cells 2. head lice – small insects that live on the scalp and suck blood 2. head lice – small insects that live on the scalp and suck blood 3. cuticle – is a thin flap of skin around the nail 3. cuticle – is a thin flap of skin around the nail 4. follicles – where hair grows from 4. follicles – where hair grows from 5. keratin – material that hair is made from 5. keratin – material that hair is made from

A. Hair 1. grows from a follicle 1. grows from a follicle 2. made from keratin 2. made from keratin a. the strength of keratin allows hair to stick out from the surface a. the strength of keratin allows hair to stick out from the surface  i. hair traps air near skin and works as insulation to keep you warm  ii. hair helps you sense the world around you through nerve endings

B. Hair Care 1. Trim and brush to keep it neat and spread out oils 1. Trim and brush to keep it neat and spread out oils 2. oil glands in your scalp release oil to keep your hair healthy 2. oil glands in your scalp release oil to keep your hair healthy 3. wash hair at least 2-3 times per week, shampooing your hair removes dirt, and dust that gets caught in hair 3. wash hair at least 2-3 times per week, shampooing your hair removes dirt, and dust that gets caught in hair 4. dandruff – oil from glands dries and mixes with dead skin cells 4. dandruff – oil from glands dries and mixes with dead skin cells 5. head lice – small insects that live on the scalp and suck blood 5. head lice – small insects that live on the scalp and suck blood a. lice lay eggs on hair shafts a. lice lay eggs on hair shafts b. special shampoos can helps a person get rid of lice b. special shampoos can helps a person get rid of lice c. don’t share hair brushes or hats c. don’t share hair brushes or hats

C. Nails 1. nails grow from the nail bed, which begins under your skin 1. nails grow from the nail bed, which begins under your skin 2. made of keratin, in the form of hard layers 2. made of keratin, in the form of hard layers 3. function 3. function a. protects the sensitive ends of fingers and toes a. protects the sensitive ends of fingers and toes b. picking up items b. picking up items 4. cuticles – a thin flap of skin around the nail 4. cuticles – a thin flap of skin around the nail a. can become dry and cracked a. can become dry and cracked b. use lotion on hands to help keep cuticles soft b. use lotion on hands to help keep cuticles soft

D. Nail Care 1. keep finger and toe nails trimmed and clean 1. keep finger and toe nails trimmed and clean 2. Dirt and germs collect under your nails 2. Dirt and germs collect under your nails 3. wash your hands – even underneath your fingernails 3. wash your hands – even underneath your fingernails 4. biting nails is unhealthy, use clippers 4. biting nails is unhealthy, use clippers

Review Lesson 2 Nails/Hair Review Lesson 2 Review Lesson 2 1. Why is it important to keep your nails trimmed? 1. Why is it important to keep your nails trimmed? 2. Describe two common hair problems. 2. Describe two common hair problems. 3. Describe two ways that hair and nails are similar. Describe two ways that they are different. 3. Describe two ways that hair and nails are similar. Describe two ways that they are different.

Lesson 3 - The Teeth Vocablulary 1. plaque – a sticky substance that builds up on teeth 1. plaque – a sticky substance that builds up on teeth 2. cavity – a hole that forms in a tooth due to decay 2. cavity – a hole that forms in a tooth due to decay 3. fluoride – a substance that makes the enamel of a tooth strong 3. fluoride – a substance that makes the enamel of a tooth strong 4. calculus – a hard, yellow material that can build up on teeth; also called tartar 4. calculus – a hard, yellow material that can build up on teeth; also called tartar

Teeth Vocabulary 5. crown – the visible part of the tooth 5. crown – the visible part of the tooth 6. pulp – is a soft tissue that contains nerve tissue and blood vessels 6. pulp – is a soft tissue that contains nerve tissue and blood vessels 7. root – holds the tooth in the gum 7. root – holds the tooth in the gum 8. dentin – supports the enamel and surrounds the pulp 8. dentin – supports the enamel and surrounds the pulp 9. enamel – is a hard substance that covers the crown 9. enamel – is a hard substance that covers the crown

A. The tooth 1. Parts 1. Parts a. crown – the top part that you can see a. crown – the top part that you can see i. enamel - the hard outer cover i. enamel - the hard outer cover b. neck – connects the top to the bottom of the tooth b. neck – connects the top to the bottom of the tooth c. root – bottom part, in gums c. root – bottom part, in gums

2. Tooth Decay a. plaque builds up on teeth everyday- Sticky substance, no color and is invisible a. plaque builds up on teeth everyday- Sticky substance, no color and is invisible b. bacteria in plaque digest sugar and form into an acid b. bacteria in plaque digest sugar and form into an acid c. acid breaks away enamel creating a cavity – a hole that forms in a tooth due to decay c. acid breaks away enamel creating a cavity – a hole that forms in a tooth due to decay d. calculus – hard, colored material, also called tartar, removed only by a dentist or hygienist d. calculus – hard, colored material, also called tartar, removed only by a dentist or hygienist

3. Prevention a. dentist, floss, brush, fluoride, stay away from sugary foods and drinks, x-rays a. dentist, floss, brush, fluoride, stay away from sugary foods and drinks, x-rays 1. fluoride – makes tooth enamel strong, found in toothpaste, water, or pharmacy 1. fluoride – makes tooth enamel strong, found in toothpaste, water, or pharmacy 2. floss – gets rid of plaque and bits of food that brushing does not get to 2. floss – gets rid of plaque and bits of food that brushing does not get to 3. brush – with soft bristles and replace toothbrush every 3 months 3. brush – with soft bristles and replace toothbrush every 3 months

Lesson 3 Review Lesson 3 Review Lesson 3 Review 1. How often should plaque be removed from your teeth? 1. How often should plaque be removed from your teeth? 2. How can you keep your teeth and gums clean and healthy? 2. How can you keep your teeth and gums clean and healthy? 3. Describe how a cavity forms. 3. Describe how a cavity forms.

Eyes Vocabulary 1. corrective lenses – eyeglasses and contact lenses used for adjusting vision problems 1. corrective lenses – eyeglasses and contact lenses used for adjusting vision problems 2. nearsightedness – difficulty seeing things at a distance 2. nearsightedness – difficulty seeing things at a distance 3. farsightedness – difficulty seeing things up close 3. farsightedness – difficulty seeing things up close 4. astigmatism – a condition in which either the cornea or the lens of the eye is curved unevenly, things appear blurry 4. astigmatism – a condition in which either the cornea or the lens of the eye is curved unevenly, things appear blurry

Eyes Vocabulary 5. conjunctivitis – an infection of the lining of the eye and the tissues under the eyelid; also called pinkeye 5. conjunctivitis – an infection of the lining of the eye and the tissues under the eyelid; also called pinkeye 6. sties – infections of the oil or sweat glands in the eyelids 6. sties – infections of the oil or sweat glands in the eyelids 7. cornea – the clear, protective structure at the front of the eye 7. cornea – the clear, protective structure at the front of the eye 8. iris – the colorful part of the eye, controls the amount of light let into the eye 8. iris – the colorful part of the eye, controls the amount of light let into the eye

Eyes Vocabulary 9. pupil – is a hole in the iris 9. pupil – is a hole in the iris 10. lens – focuses the light on the retina at the back of the eye 10. lens – focuses the light on the retina at the back of the eye 11. retina – part of the eye that contains millions of light-sensitive cells that detect the energy from the light 11. retina – part of the eye that contains millions of light-sensitive cells that detect the energy from the light

A. Eyes 1. Light first passes through the cornea – this is the protective part of the eye 1. Light first passes through the cornea – this is the protective part of the eye 2. Light then goes through a hole in the iris called the pupil 2. Light then goes through a hole in the iris called the pupil 3. Light will then go through the lens with focuses the light on the retina, which is in the back of the eye 3. Light will then go through the lens with focuses the light on the retina, which is in the back of the eye 4. cells in the retina send messages through the optic nerve to the brain 4. cells in the retina send messages through the optic nerve to the brain 5. The retina contains two types of cells, called rods and cones. Rods handle vision in low light, and cones handle color vision and detail. 5. The retina contains two types of cells, called rods and cones. Rods handle vision in low light, and cones handle color vision and detail.

B. Eye Problems 1. Problems start at birth or later in life, heredity most often determines the way the eye changes early in life and at puberty 1. Problems start at birth or later in life, heredity most often determines the way the eye changes early in life and at puberty a. Nearsightedness – People have a hard time seeing far away a. Nearsightedness – People have a hard time seeing far away b. Farsightedness – People have a hard time seeing close up b. Farsightedness – People have a hard time seeing close up c. Astigmatism – a condition in which either the cornea or the lens is curved unevenly, causes blurry vision c. Astigmatism – a condition in which either the cornea or the lens is curved unevenly, causes blurry vision d. colorblindness – people have difficulty telling the difference between certain colors d. colorblindness – people have difficulty telling the difference between certain colors

B. Eye Problems e. cataracts – a clouding of the lens. The lens is mostly made of water and protein. The protein is arranged in a way that keeps the lens clear and allows light pass through it. As we get older, some of the protein may clump together and start to cloud a small area of the lens. This is a cataract, and over time, it may grow larger and cloud more of the lens, making it harder to see. e. cataracts – a clouding of the lens. The lens is mostly made of water and protein. The protein is arranged in a way that keeps the lens clear and allows light pass through it. As we get older, some of the protein may clump together and start to cloud a small area of the lens. This is a cataract, and over time, it may grow larger and cloud more of the lens, making it harder to see. f. glaucoma - is an eye condition that develops when too much fluid pressure builds up inside of the eye. The increased pressure can damage the optic nerve, which transmits images to the brain. This pressure will cause loss of vision. Without treatment, glaucoma can cause total permanent blindness within a few years. This can be inherited and usually shows up later in life. f. glaucoma - is an eye condition that develops when too much fluid pressure builds up inside of the eye. The increased pressure can damage the optic nerve, which transmits images to the brain. This pressure will cause loss of vision. Without treatment, glaucoma can cause total permanent blindness within a few years. This can be inherited and usually shows up later in life.

B. Eye Problems 2. Infections – caused by microbes when touching the eye 2. Infections – caused by microbes when touching the eye a. Conjunctivitis – pinkeye, infection of the lining of the eye and the tissues under the eyelid a. Conjunctivitis – pinkeye, infection of the lining of the eye and the tissues under the eyelid *Spread if a person shares personal things like towels or makeup *Spread if a person shares personal things like towels or makeup *Must be treated by doctor *Must be treated by doctor

B. Eye Problems b. Sties – infections of the oil or sweat glands in the eyelids b. Sties – infections of the oil or sweat glands in the eyelids *Spread by sharing face towels, not as easily as pinkeye *Spread by sharing face towels, not as easily as pinkeye *Keep warm wet cloth on eye 2-3x a day to help it heal, or treated by doctor *Keep warm wet cloth on eye 2-3x a day to help it heal, or treated by doctor

B. Eye Problems 3. Protection – 3 ways (protect from injury, protect from infection and make sure your vision is clear) 3. Protection – 3 ways (protect from injury, protect from infection and make sure your vision is clear) –a. Don’t rub eye if something is in it (scratch cornea) –b. wear safety goggles, sunglasses

B. Eye Problems –c. have your vision checked by a doctor  *20/20 vision (or really, 20/20 visual acuity) is considered "normal" vision, meaning you can read at 20 feet a letter that most human beings should be able to read at 20 feet.  *If you can read the big E at the top but none of the letters lower than that, your vision is considered 20/200. That means you can read at 20 feet a letter that people with "normal" vision can read at 200 feet. So at 20/200, your visual acuity is very poor. –d. never wear contacts or glasses that are prescribed for someone else

Lesson 4 Review - Eyes Lesson 4 Review Lesson 4 Review What is the difference between nearsightedness and farsightedness? What is the difference between nearsightedness and farsightedness? How are eye infections different from focus problems? How are eye infections different from focus problems?

Lesson 5 - Ears Vocabulary 1. cochlea – is a tiny, snail-shaped, fluid filled part of the inner ear 1. cochlea – is a tiny, snail-shaped, fluid filled part of the inner ear 2. ear canal – the part of the ear that funnels sound to the middle ear 2. ear canal – the part of the ear that funnels sound to the middle ear 3. eardrum – the part of the ear that separates the outer ear from the middle ear 3. eardrum – the part of the ear that separates the outer ear from the middle ear 4. decibel – units of measure for the loudness of sound 4. decibel – units of measure for the loudness of sound

A. Ears 1. How do you hear? 1. How do you hear? a. Sound waves are caused by vibrations that travel through solids, liquids, or air a. Sound waves are caused by vibrations that travel through solids, liquids, or air b. these sound waves enter the outer ear and are funneled into the middle ear through the ear canal b. these sound waves enter the outer ear and are funneled into the middle ear through the ear canal

A. Ears c. the sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate which cause 3 bones in your middle ear to then vibrate (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) c. the sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate which cause 3 bones in your middle ear to then vibrate (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) d. causes sound to reach inner ear and the cochlea (filled with fluid), and vibrate fluid d. causes sound to reach inner ear and the cochlea (filled with fluid), and vibrate fluid e. fluid motion causes hair-like nerve endings in cochlea to send message through auditory nerve to brain e. fluid motion causes hair-like nerve endings in cochlea to send message through auditory nerve to brain

A. Ears 2. Sound is measured in decibels – units of measure for the loudness of sound 2. Sound is measured in decibels – units of measure for the loudness of sound a. higher the decibel level, the louder the sound a. higher the decibel level, the louder the sound b. being around sound as low as 85 decibels can cause hearing loss over time b. being around sound as low as 85 decibels can cause hearing loss over time

B. Ear Problems 1. Head injuries can cause damage to ear, so can infections in the middle ear and ear wax build up 1. Head injuries can cause damage to ear, so can infections in the middle ear and ear wax build up 2. Helping those who have difficulty hearing 2. Helping those who have difficulty hearing a. speak clearly, don’t shout, face the person directly a. speak clearly, don’t shout, face the person directly b. reduce background noise, keep hands away from face b. reduce background noise, keep hands away from face 3. How can you take care of your ears – Safety helmet, ear plugs, be careful when cleaning, don’t put anything in your ears, watch how loudly you listen to your Ipods! 3. How can you take care of your ears – Safety helmet, ear plugs, be careful when cleaning, don’t put anything in your ears, watch how loudly you listen to your Ipods!

Lesson 5 Review Lesson 5 Review Lesson 5 Review 1. What are three ways by which young people can protect themselves from hearing loss? 1. What are three ways by which young people can protect themselves from hearing loss? 2. What are decibels? 2. What are decibels? 3. Describe how the ear works. 3. Describe how the ear works.

Lesson 6 Vocabulary – Healthcare 1. consumer – a person who buys or uses goods or services 1. consumer – a person who buys or uses goods or services 2. ingredients – the things products are made from 2. ingredients – the things products are made from 3. advertising – process of giving people information that encourages them to buy something 3. advertising – process of giving people information that encourages them to buy something

Healthcare Vocabulary 4. Specialist – a physician who has continued his or her training in a certain medical field 4. Specialist – a physician who has continued his or her training in a certain medical field 5. healthcare provider – any professional who helps people stay healthy 5. healthcare provider – any professional who helps people stay healthy 6. unit price – is the cost of the item divided by the amount of the item 6. unit price – is the cost of the item divided by the amount of the item

A. How do product labels give information to consumers? 1. Consumer – a person who buys or uses goods or services 1. Consumer – a person who buys or uses goods or services 2. Questions to ask (Decision making skills) 2. Questions to ask (Decision making skills) –a. Do I really need this? Which kind of this product best fills my needs? –b. Which brand should I buy? What size is best for me? Can this product hurt me?

A. How do product labels give information to consumers? 3. Read labels 3. Read labels a. Describe what the product does a. Describe what the product does b. Lists ingredients – the things products b. Lists ingredients – the things products are made from are made from *Used for comparing products *Used for comparing products c. Can harm health if not used correctly c. Can harm health if not used correctly cough medicine, cough medicine, *lists dangers and what to do if there is an *lists dangers and what to do if there is an accident accident

B. How does a wise consumer use advertising? 1. Advertising is the process of giving people information that encourages them to buy something 1. Advertising is the process of giving people information that encourages them to buy something **Some advertising may suggest benefits that products **Some advertising may suggest benefits that products DO NOT have** DO NOT have** a. Endorsement – recommendation of a famous a. Endorsement – recommendation of a famous person person b. Unfinished comparison – “costs pennies less”, b. Unfinished comparison – “costs pennies less”, “makes breath fresher”– Less than what? “makes breath fresher”– Less than what? c. Concern for how others feel about a person – c. Concern for how others feel about a person – hair, skin products will make you popular hair, skin products will make you popular 2. We buy because of advertising, tradition, and peer pressure 2. We buy because of advertising, tradition, and peer pressure

Unit Price

C. How can you choose a physician or dentist? 1. Must pass state tests and earn a license to practice 1. Must pass state tests and earn a license to practice 2. Depends on the persons need, usually a family physician can treat you 2. Depends on the persons need, usually a family physician can treat you 3. Specialist – a physician who has continued his or her training in a certain medical field 3. Specialist – a physician who has continued his or her training in a certain medical field a. orthodontist – braces a. orthodontist – braces b. general practitioner – a doctor who treats people b. general practitioner – a doctor who treats people who have common medical problems who have common medical problems 4. What if you move? 4. What if you move? a. ask places for information, ask current doctors a. ask places for information, ask current doctors b. call local medical and dental societies to provide b. call local medical and dental societies to provide names of qualified doctors names of qualified doctors

D. Health Agencies 1. National Institutes of Health (NIH) – conducts research to help develop treatments for diseases; makes recommendations to consumer and healthcare professionals 1. National Institutes of Health (NIH) – conducts research to help develop treatments for diseases; makes recommendations to consumer and healthcare professionals 2. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) – is responsible for approving both foods and drugs for widespread use. 2. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) – is responsible for approving both foods and drugs for widespread use. 3. Local healthcare agencies 3. Local healthcare agencies a. trash and garbage collectors a. trash and garbage collectors b. treating waste water b. treating waste water c. making sure drinking water is clean c. making sure drinking water is clean d. emergency medical care d. emergency medical care

Lesson 6 Review Lesson 6 Review Lesson 6 Review 1. What are 3 questions you can ask yourself when choosing health products? 1. What are 3 questions you can ask yourself when choosing health products? 2. How does a wise consumer use advertising? 2. How does a wise consumer use advertising? 3. Explain how state, local, and federal agencies help keep you healthy. 3. Explain how state, local, and federal agencies help keep you healthy.