Happy Middle of the week! WARM-UP: WARM-UP: - -Complete the following questions on your warm up in your spiral notebook! 1. What is the difference between a regular monarchy and a constitutional monarchy. 2. What type of democracy does the United States have?

Political Notes

The Political category involves all parts of culture that have to do with government, laws, rulesnational structures The Political category involves all parts of culture that have to do with government, laws, rules, and national structures. It answers the question “Who’s in charge?” It answers the question “Who’s in charge?” There are several main Political Systems that we will learn about this year. We will discuss each of these in more detail as we learn about different regions of the world.

Democracy In this type of government leaders are usually elected by the people. In this type of government leaders are usually elected by the people. Citizens who are eligible to vote have a say in how the government works. Citizens who are eligible to vote have a say in how the government works.

Common Types of Democracy Parliamentary Democracy Parliamentary Democracy A democratic government that has an elected Parliament A democratic government that has an elected Parliament Parliament: an elected group of people that makes laws; often, power is shared among several political parties Parliament: an elected group of people that makes laws; often, power is shared among several political parties Federal Republic Federal Republic A democratic government which allows shared power among national and local authorities A democratic government which allows shared power among national and local authorities  A country can be both of these at the same time.

Monarchy This is the oldest form of government. This is the oldest form of government. The leader is determined through family lines. The leader is determined through family lines. The leader is in this position for life. The leader is in this position for life. Often, a monarchy will include a dynasty: a powerful group or family that maintains its power and position over many generations Often, a monarchy will include a dynasty: a powerful group or family that maintains its power and position over many generations King Abdullah and Queen Rania of Jordan

Combination Governments: Democracy + Monarchy Constitutional Monarchy Constitutional Monarchy A government that includes: A government that includes: a monarch as head of state--one who represents the people as a traditional symbol of the country a monarch as head of state--one who represents the people as a traditional symbol of the countryAND elected officials as head of government--those who make laws and official decisions for the country elected officials as head of government--those who make laws and official decisions for the country The United Kingdom is a Parliamentary Democracy and a Constitutional Monarchy

Dictatorships/Autocracies Dictatorships/Autocracies In these types of government, a single leader has absolute control and unrestricted power. In these types of government, a single leader has absolute control and unrestricted power. These types of governments are the opposite of a democracy. These types of governments are the opposite of a democracy. This leader may use force to control the population. This leader may use force to control the population. Saddam Hussein Mao Zedong Fidel Castro Adolf Hitler

Dictatorships/Autocracies The power rests in the control of one person, who may often profess (pretend) to operate under some kind of structured government. The power rests in the control of one person, who may often profess (pretend) to operate under some kind of structured government. A true dictator often has seized control by unconstitutional means. A true dictator often has seized control by unconstitutional means. Often, dictatorships take away human rights (rights that all people deserve, such as rights of equality) Often, dictatorships take away human rights (rights that all people deserve, such as rights of equality)

Common Type of Dictatorship/Autocracy Communism Communism a political system in which the government owns all property and dominates all aspects of life in a country a political system in which the government owns all property and dominates all aspects of life in a country This type of government has historically involved the violent overthrow of capitalism (when businesses are owned by individuals instead of the government) This type of government has historically involved the violent overthrow of capitalism (when businesses are owned by individuals instead of the government) North Korea is a Communist nation The former Soviet Union was a Communist nation Cuba is a Communist nation

Oligarchy In this type of government, the people are ruled by a powerful few. In this type of government, the people are ruled by a powerful few. Leaders are usually members of wealthy families or the military. Leaders are usually members of wealthy families or the military. Myanmar propaganda poster

Theocracy When a nation recognizes a god or a deity as their ruler and the king or leader as that god’s representative When a nation recognizes a god or a deity as their ruler and the king or leader as that god’s representative Mahmoud Ahmadinejad is the president of Iran Ali KhameneiAli Khamenei, Superme Leader of Iran