Lecture 7: Neoanalytic Theory Props up security and worth Active listening to feelings Models/encourages openness Responsibility for choices No introjection—take risks

Neoanalytic Tradition 1.Psychosexual to psychosocial stages 2.Ego-autonomy/ ego psychology 3.More emphasis on adult development 4.Teleology and goals: Being and identity

Stages of Psychosocial Development 1. Basic Trust (Bowlby, Horney) 2. Autonomy (Hartmann) 3. Initiative (White, Fromm) 4. Industry (Adler) 5. Identity (Horney, Rogers, Maslow) 6. Intimacy (Maslow’s ‘B’ vs ‘D’ Love) 7. Generativity (Adler, Fromm, McAdams) 8. Integrity (Maslow, Jung, Rogers) Erikson

1. Basic Trust vs. Mistrust (0-1) Babies learn either to trust that others will care for their basic needs, including nourishment, sucking, warmth, cleanliness, and physical contact. Security, relatedness, oral stage, N,E,A Bowlby/Ainsworth secure attachment base and the strange situation Horney’s basic anxiety, and basic hostility

2. Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (1-2) Children learn either to be self sufficient in many activities, including toileting, feeding, walking, and talking, or to doubt their own abilities. Courage/ independence, personal control, autonomy, anal stage, C,E,N Bowlby/Ainsworth exploration if secure Hartmann—primary ego autonomy

3. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-6) Children want to undertake many adult-like social initiatives, sometimes overstepping the limits set by parents and feeling guilty. Power/pleasure, autonomy, phallic, E,O,A, N Social norms, limits, conscience, superego Adler’s superiority complex Horney’s neurotic needs and 3 coping strategies –Compliance: self-effacing (moving towards) –Aggression: self-expansive (moving against) –Withdrawal: withdrawal (moving away)

4. Industry vs. Inferiority (6-12) Children busily learn to be competent and productive or feel inferior and unable to do anything well (Efficacy) Success, competence, latency, C, N Hartmann’s primary ego autonomy White’s Effectance motivation Goal efficacy

Abstract Ideals as Goals (Carver; Powers; cf.,Vallacher & Wegner) System Concepts Principles Programs Concrete Goals, Behavioral Acts

5. Identity vs. Role Confusion Adolescents and young adults try to figure out “Who am I?” They establish sexual, ethnic, and career identities, or are confused about what future roles to play. Finding self, Piaget, genital, E, O, C, N Erikson’s life Marcia’s identity statuses From success to integrity…the integrity shift Related to self-realization and self-actualization of Horney, Rogers, and Maslow