NOTES: Development of the West

1)Transcontinental Railroad a)RR b/w east & west b)Growth of towns & cities c)Irish & Chinese laborer

2) Growth of population a)Gold rush 1849  California

b) Cattle ranchers / cowboys i) Open range system = property not fenced in  cattle roamed free (cows identified by branding) ii) Refrigerated RR cars – transport beef to cities, lower costs

c) Homestead act i) land purchased from gov’t ii) must improve land over a period of 5 years

d) Exodusters i) blacks moving to the west during & after Reconstruction

3) Impact on Native Americans a) Buffalo Soldiers i) African American cavalry units ii) job to keep NA on reservations, & control hostilities

There was a buffalo soldier in the heart of America, Stolen from Africa, brought to America, Fighting on arrival, fighting for survival. I mean it, when I analyze the stench - To me it makes a lot of sense: How the dreadlock rasta was the buffalo soldier, And he was taken from Africa, brought to America, Fighting on arrival, fighting for survival. If you know your history, Then you would know where you coming from, Then you wouldn’t have to ask me, Who the heck do I think I am. Buffalo soldier troddin through the land, wo-ho-ooh! Said he wanna ran, then you wanna hand, Troddin through the land, yea-hea, yea-ea.

b) Sitting Bull - head chief of the Lakota

c) Wounded Knee Massacre i) Background: NA moved off land & forced to give up way of life ii) Ghost Dance: ceremony that promised to rid the land of whites & restore the Indians’ way of life 1. fears of uprising 2. Sioux arrested for dancing 3. weapon fired in confusion  153 Sioux are massacred **Importance = marks the end of the Indian wars**

d) Assimilation (adopting of another culture) i) NA were forced through gov’t schools as young children to ‘be white’

e) Demise of the Buffalo i) Buffalo = center of NA livelihood (food, clothing) ii) gov’t supported killing as war tactic iii) “every buffalo dead is an Indian gone” – Colonel Dodge US Army

[“I don’t want to settle. I love to roam over the prairies. There I feel free and happy, but when we settle down we grow pale and die… a long time ago this land belonged to our fathers; but when I go up the river I see camps of soldiers on its banks. These soldiers cut down my timber; they kill my buffalo; and when I see that my heart feels like bursting … this is our country … we have to protect ourselves. We have to save our country. We have to fight for what is ours.” – Chief Satanta, 1867]

Unit 5 Vocabulary Transcontinental RR Immigrant Sherman Anti-trust Act Ghost Dance Land Grant Open-range system Gilded Age Gold Standard Populist Party Jacob Riis Social Gospel Upton Sinclair Industry “The Jungle”

Last Word W – Wounded Knee involved the massacre of 153 Sioux Indians. E – Exodusters were blacks who moved out west during and after Reconstruction. S – Sitting Bull was an Indian Chief. T – The Transcontinental Railroad connected the east and west coasts.

Last Word R A I L R O A D