1. Plains Indians
-Great Plains or Great American Desert
-Nomadic lifestyle
-importance of the horse and buffalo
-communal living
-common use of the tribe’s land
-Sioux, Lakota, Cheyenne, Apache, Nez Pierce, Blackfeet

2. American Interests -Lands given by treaty to Indian groups
-California Gold Rush, 1848
-Homestead Act, 1862
-transcontinental railroad building
Massacre of the buffalo herds
-Central and Union Pacific Railroads
-Irish and Chinese Immigrants
-Promontory Point, Utah, 1869

3. American Interests -Lands given by treaty to Indian groups
-California Gold Rush, 1848
-Homestead Act, 1862
-transcontinental railroad building
Massacre of the buffalo herds
-Central and Union Pacific Railroads
-Irish and Chinese Immigrants
-Promontory Point, Utah, 1869

4. -Indians forced onto reservations
Indian Restrictions
-treaties were broken
-Indians forced onto reservations
-gov’t payment and supplies were not delivered as promised
-Indian Uprisings
-Dakota Uprising, 1862

5. -Indians forced onto reservations
Indian Restrictions
-treaties were broken
-Indians forced onto reservations
-gov’t payment and supplies were not delivered as promised
-Indian Uprisings
-Dakota Uprising, 1862

6. -Massacre at Sand Creek, 1864
Indian Restrictions
-Massacre at Sand Creek, 1864
John Chivington leads Army unit in massacre of Cheyenne
-Fetterman’s Massacre, 1866
-Fetterman’s small army band crushed by Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse, and Red Cloud’s warriors

7. -Gold found in the Black Hills of the Dakotas
Indian Wars
-Gold found in the Black Hills of the Dakotas
-Sioux try to defend area promised to them
-Army sends George Armstrong Custer
-Little Bighorn, 1876
Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull lead warriors as Custer and all his men were killed

8. -Gold found in the Black Hills of the Dakotas
Indian Wars
-Gold found in the Black Hills of the Dakotas
-Sioux try to defend area promised to them
-Army sends George Armstrong Custer
-Little Bighorn, 1876
Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull lead warriors as Custer and all his men were killed

9. -Led by Chief Joseph, they refused to go to reservation
Indian Wars
-Nez Perce Indians, 1877
-Led by Chief Joseph, they refused to go to reservation
-chased by the Army for over 1000 miles until captured
-”I will fight no more forever”

10. Assimilation
-”Century of Dishonor”
Helen Hunt Jackson
-some people supported assimilation of Indians
-Dawes Act passed, 1887
160 acres to each family
most of land was eventually taken

11. End of the Indian Lifestyle
-assimilation
education of Indians to be more like whites
-destruction of the buffalo

12. End of the Indian Lifestyle
-assimilation
education of Indians to be more like whites
-destruction of the buffalo

13. End of the Indian Lifestyle
-Ghost Dance Movement
Sioux spiritual dance
Dance was outlawed
-Wounded Knee, 1890
massacre of several hundred Sioux
-Indian era comes to an end