Goal 5 Part 2 Labor Unions / Strikes. What is a union? Union – a group of laborers with a common cause: – expose the harsh conditions of jobs 2 major.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Chapter 24 B Labor Unions and Strikes

Advertisements

Objectives Assess the problems that workers faced in the late 1800s.

Labor In The Late 1800s Labor Force Distribution

Workers Organize.

Chapter 19, Section 3 Industrial Workers. Decline of Working Conditions Machines run by unskilled workers were eliminating the jobs of many skilled craftspeople.

videos/375041/february /a-less-perfect- union---randi-weingarten.

The Rise of Labor Unions. Rich versus Poor By 1890, the richest 9% of Americans held nearly 75% of the national wealth Many workers began to resent the.

The Labor Movement The Rise of Unions CHAPTER 20 SECTION 4.

The Rise of Labor Unions. The Rich v. The Poor By 1890, the richest 9% of the of Americans held nearly 75% of the national wealth Many workers began to.

Labor Unions form  Industrialization lowered the prices of consumer goods, but most workers still didn’t make enough to buy them  Their complaints usually.

Workers Unite. The Workforce  Immigrants arrived in big cities and stayed because they could not afford to travel any further  Spent all their money.

The Labor Movement Chapter 5 Section 4.

The Organization of Labor

THE EMERGENCE OF INDUSTRIAL AMERICA & LABOR’S RESPONSE (CONTINUED)

URBAN LABOR -increased 400% by mostly unskilled labor- not making the entire product -assembly line work: mechanical system: breaking down the process.

The Rise of Unions & STRIKES September 29, s: Knights of Labor – Included ALL workers – Men and women – Skilled and Unskilled – Black/ White.

Big Business & Labor, 6.3 continued

 How could the emergence of corporations & the idea of fewer controlling more stifle free competition?  What would you do if you were the government?

4.3 The Organized Labor Movement

Labor Unions. Middle Class Emerges as industries rise Made up of individuals who work administrative jobs for companies Salaried employees Higher demand.

WARM-UP Think about the ethics of the industrial leaders of the late 19 th century…what was questionable about the way they ran their companies? Did they.

The Industrial Revolution in the 19 th Century “The man who has his millions will want everything he can lay his hands on and then raise his voice against.

SECTION 5-4. Working in the United States Deflation- rise in the value of money. Added tensions between workers and employers.

Populism and Protest: Section 4.3 Labor Violence.

Big Business & Labor Ch 6.3. Social Darwinism From Darwin’s theory Formed by William Sumner & Herbert Spencer Principles of Social Darwinism 1)Natural.

Labor & Government Regulation. Goal 5.03 Objective TLW assess the impact of labor unions on industry and the lives of workers by acting as an assembly.

#3 - Do now: What messages does this cartoon want to convey?

International Workers of the World (1905) LEADER: William “Big Bill” Haywood MEMBERS: “The Wobblies”; Socialists; (miners, lumberers, cannery and dock.

Workers routinely worked 6 or 7 days a week, had no vacations, no sick leave, and no compensation for injuries Injuries were common – In 1882, an average.

The Rise of Labor Unions. What was wrong with labor?  Harsh working conditions Long hours: hour days (little or no breaks) Seven day work week.

WORKING CONDITIONS LABOR UNREST Formation of Labor Unions.

Assess the impact of labor unions on industry and the lives of workers Essential Question – How can people without power protect themselves?

Essential Questions How did labor unions impact industry and the lives of workers? How effective were labor unions in improving the lives of American workers?

URBAN LABOR -increased 400% by mostly unskilled labor -assembly line work.

The Rise of Labor Unions Child Labor “Galley Labor”

The Rise of Labor Unions. Employers (Power) vs. Workers Yellow Dog Contracts Blacklisting Company Towns No Job Security Child Labor Working Conditions.

Goal 5 Part 2 Labor Unions / Strikes. What is a union? ____– a group of laborers with a common cause: – expose the harsh conditions of jobs 2 major types:

Labor Conditions and Impending Labor Union Strikes

The Rise of Labor Unions. Employers (Power) vs. Workers Yellow Dog Contracts Blacklisting No Job Security Child Labor Working Conditions Long hours &

Labor Unions and Strikes Why join a union? Strength in numbers What were unions fighting against? 1) Exploitation a. Low Pay b. Long hours 2) Unsafe.

Strikes, violence, and united demands LABOR UNIONS CHALLENGE BIG BUSINESS.

LEARNING TARGET: I CAN EVALUATE THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZED LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES AND EXPLAIN WHY UNIONS FORMED. LABOR MOVEMENT.

Chapter 14 Industrialization Section 4 Unions. Working in the United States B/w 1865 & 1897, the U.S. experienced deflation, or a rise in the value of.

14-4: Workers of the Nation Unite 1.What conditions led to the formation of labor Unions? Dangerous working conditions Low wages Long hours Unequal pay.

The Corporation A form of business organization that became increasingly popular during the Industrial Revolution As businesses got bigger, it took larger.

Big Business and Labor The Workplace, Strikes, and the Rise of Labor Unions Topic 1.3.

Labor Unions Labor unions are worker organizations whose goal is to improve working conditions, increase pay and gain benefits such as retirement plans.

Labor  Samuel Gompers  American Federation of Labor  Eugene Debs  Pullman Strike  Haymarket Affair  Homestead Strike.

The Labor Movement Workers Organized Poor working conditions existed in most places hour work daylow pay No sick daysdull, boring Unsafe and.

Unit 5: An Industrial America Part III: Workers and Unions.

TOPIC 2: Industry and Immigration ( )

The Rise of Unions Workers were against the increasing power of big business workers formed unions Unions were workers’ organizations designed to.

The Rise of Labor Unions

14.3: Labor Unions Share with your partner(s) what you already may know about labor unions: - examples of some - what they do or try to do - good or bad.

The Rise of Labor Unions

Labor Movements.

Labor Unions & Strikes United States History.

Rise of the Labor Movement

Workers of the Nation Unite

Industrial Age Labor Unions Emerge.

The Rise of Labor Unions

Labor Unions Objective 5.03: Assess the impact of labor unions on industry and the lives of workers.

Aim: How did industrialization affect the relationship between management and workers? Do Now: a) Working in the Sweatshops – Read the passage and answer.

EQ: How can groups drive

The Rise of Labor Unions

Unions: Workers Organize

Weapons of Labor and Management

Bell Ringer What do you think of Plainview? Do you like him? Why or why not? Do you think workers have a right to strike? Should striking workers be protected.

Weapons of Labor and Management

Presentation transcript:

Goal 5 Part 2 Labor Unions / Strikes

What is a union? Union – a group of laborers with a common cause: – expose the harsh conditions of jobs 2 major types: (1) Craft (SKILLED) (2) Industrial / Trade (SKILLED / UNSKILLED) “United we stand, divided we fall”

Stats and conditions Working Conditions: 7 day workweek 12 or more hour shifts (daily) no vacation / no sick days No workman’s compensation Injured – no reimbursement ALL family members had to work to survive Children -.27 every 14 hours Men - $498 / year Women - $267 / year Carnegie - $23 million / year Statistics: 1882 – 675 (avg.) weekly deaths in America

Collective Bargaining Unions form to fight for TWO things (1) Better wages / more money (2) Better working conditions “Negotiation between laborers and management”

Early Labor Unions National Labor Union (NLU) 1866 – - refused African Americans as members - Skilled and unskilled (Trade unionism) Leader: William Sylvis - Lobbied Congress, not the Employers MAIN LEGACY: 8 hours a day (Originally pushed by Populist…later adopted by Democrats) Colored National Labor Union (CNLU) – accepted African Americans

Knights of Labor Beliefs: (1) EQUALITY = Equal pay for equal work ***(2) ACCEPTED EVERYONE…(women and African Americans) / “skilled AND unskilled” Leader: Terrence Powderly (3) DID NOT USE STRIKES – refusal to work, as a LAST resort (favored non-violence) (4) Practiced Arbitration: resolving a dispute OUTSIDE of the court system “Injury to one is the concern of all”

2 types of Unions / Craft vs. Trade 1 Craft Unionism: includes skilled workers American Federation of Labor (AFL) Leader - SAMUEL GOMPERS - believed in “collective bargaining” - used STRIKES as a MAJOR / FIRST tactic /resort (supported violence)* Complete opposite of Knights of Labor 2 Industrial Unionism / Trade Unionism: included skilled AND unskilled workers American Railway Union (ARU) Leader - EUGENE V. DEBS (SOCIALIST) *STRIKES WERE USED! “The Strike is the weapon of the oppressed” Eugene V. Debs

Eugene V. Debs – Socialist

Socialism / Industrial Workers of the World ( I. W. W. ) Socialism – an economic system in which the government controls business and property / less extreme version of communism Individuals do not work for themselves, but live in corporation of one another Purpose: Overthrow Capitalism Pro: total equality regardless of physical differences Con: hard workers get no support “EQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH” INDUSTRIAL WORKERS OF THE WORLD (IWW) ****************Example of Socialist Union********************* -Mostly Unskilled workers Leader: Eugene V. Debs / Bill Haywood Nickname: Wobblies Used STRIKES….all the time! (USED VIOLENCE) * Socialist Unions – EUGENE V. DEBS!!!!!!!!

Strikes Federal Government response to Strikes / Unions: unhappy and acted with force (threat to the capitalist government – messes w/$) Federal troops are sent in (injunction) Great Railroad Strike of 1877 – B & O Railroad lead a strike (covered 50,000 miles) President Rutherford B Hayes claimed they threatened *interstate commerce* - sent federal troops to end the strike!

Great Railroad Strike of 1877

INJUNCTION Injunction: when federal government “jumps in” and tries to fix everything Example: Great Railroad Strike of 1877 Pullman Strike (federal troops were sent in)

**HAYMARKET AFFAIR STRIKE** Strike in Chicago….police show up, workers threw a bomb into police lines! Several police officers died MAJOR EFFECT: THE PUBLIC BEGAN TO TURN AGAINST THE LABOR MOVEMENT (due to violence) ENDS THE LABOR MOVEMENT

Homestead Strike Carnegie Steel Company (Homestead Plant in PA) – cut wages – a strike occurs! Henry Frick, Homestead Plant manager hired,SCABS, or strikebreakers, that continued to work, despite the strike to keep the company going

The Pullman Company Strike Pullman Company laid off 3,000 workers George Pullman hired employees and gave them housing…after lay offs, didn’t lower the rent on the house! ****George Pullman wanted to control the lives of his workers (no loitering on front porch!) George Pullman hired SCABS, strikebreakers…strikes turned violent Major effect: federal troops were sent in *** Railroads “BLACKLISTED” the strikers *Blacklist – a list that included people that COULD NOT work on the railroads, due to their connection to strikes

Women Organize Fighting for:  Better working conditions  Equal pay for equal work  End of child labor ****MAIN LEADER: MARY HARRIS JONES (MOTHER) To expose the cruelties of child labor – Mary Harris Jones led a march of 80 mill children to home of President Teddy Roosevelt….this crusade influenced the passage of Child Labor Laws

Child Labor / Mary Harris Jones

CHILD LABOR

Triangle Shirtwaste Fire March 25, 1911 (New York City) Oil-drenched machines caught on fire! (conditions) Company locked all of the doors *(Crime / force) 146 women died (from fire or jumping) MAJOR EFFECT/ Public Reaction: a task force was set up to study the terrible working conditions of many industries in New York * spurred the growth of improved factory conditions and safety standards

Triangle Shirtwaste Fire (1911)

http

Factors that LIMIT the success of Labor Unions / Employers CONTROL Yellow Dog Contracts – swearing / oath they will NOT join a Union Blacklist – if you are part of or leader of a union against the productivity of a business, you are placed on this list / difficult for you to get a job Lockout: owner tells the employees not to bother showing up until they agree to a pay cut Scabs: Strikebreakers (hired to continue economy of business while strikers are not working) Interstate Commerce: a company claims strikers are affecting interstate commerce and the federal government comes running!

* T.Q. Which statement BEST describes how the Knights of Labor differed from the American Federation of Labor (AFL)? A. Knights of Labor used strikes as a major tactic B. Knights of Labor ONLY organized skilled laborers C. Knights of Labor used strikes as a last resort D. Knights of Labor opposed equal pay for women

What event contributed MOST to the demise of the Knights of Labor? A. Great Chicago Fire B. Haymarket Square Riot C. Homestead Act D. Pullman Company Strike Why?

Monopoly vs. Labor Union