Classical Period mariadewi.com

Music of the Classical Period Music of the Classical Period  Unlike Baroque music that is fancy and ornamented, Classical music is simple and unornamented. newworldencyclopedia.org cities.sulekha.com

Why the change?  Classicism  Simple lines and elegance of ancient Greeks and Romans were being used by artists, architects and composers  Clearer division between parts  Brighter contrasts and color  Simplicity rather than complexity  Melody rather than harmony important  Classicism  Simple lines and elegance of ancient Greeks and Romans were being used by artists, architects and composers  Clearer division between parts  Brighter contrasts and color  Simplicity rather than complexity  Melody rather than harmony important

What makes it Classical?  The best word to describe the Classical time period is BALANCE.  The architecture, music, and art work was all symmetrical and balanced.  Musical effects were removed and dramatic effects were diminished.

The Parthenon

Monticello

The Oath of the Horatii by Jacques-Louis David

Simple Music vs. Complex Music Minuet and Trio by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Simple Music vs. Complex Music Toccata and Fugue in D Minor by J. S. Bach

The Pianoforte  By the end of the Classical period, many improvements had been made by Christofori as well as other craftsman, making it one of the most important developments of the period. anos.com/page2.html wksu.org  In 1709, the first pianoforte was developed by Christofori in Italy.

Why was the Pianoforte Important?  The pianoforte allowed the performer to create crescendos and diminuendos as well as being able to play loud and soft at the same time. pianoshoppersguide.co m  Because the pianoforte allowed for more expression, ornamentation and improvisation were no longer needed.

Music of the Classical Period  Important forms of the Classical Period include…  Symphony  Sonata  Sonatina  Serenade  Important forms of the Classical Period include…  Symphony  Sonata  Sonatina  Serenade musicnotes.com

The Symphony The Symphony  The Classical symphony was developed in the 17th century.  A symphony is a large, 4 movement work for an orchestra.  The 1st movement is fast. The second movement is slow. The 3rd movement is a minuet or trio in #4time. The 4th movement is often very fast.  The Classical symphony was developed in the 17th century.  A symphony is a large, 4 movement work for an orchestra.  The 1st movement is fast. The second movement is slow. The 3rd movement is a minuet or trio in #4time. The 4th movement is often very fast.

The Sonata The sonata is for a solo instrument and consists of four movements. The 1st movement contains three sections. The first section is the Exposition. In this section the theme is stated.  The second section is the Development. In this section, the theme is altered or changed in some way.  The third section is the Recapitulation. This section restates the original theme. The sonata is for a solo instrument and consists of four movements. The 1st movement contains three sections. The first section is the Exposition. In this section the theme is stated.  The second section is the Development. In this section, the theme is altered or changed in some way.  The third section is the Recapitulation. This section restates the original theme.

The Sonatina The sonatina is for a solo instrument and consists of four movements. It is the same as the sonata but shorter in length. The 1st movement contains three sections. The first section is the Exposition. In this section the theme is stated.  The second section is the Development. In this section, the theme is altered or changed in some way.  The third section is the Recapitulation. This section restates the original theme. The sonatina is for a solo instrument and consists of four movements. It is the same as the sonata but shorter in length. The 1st movement contains three sections. The first section is the Exposition. In this section the theme is stated.  The second section is the Development. In this section, the theme is altered or changed in some way.  The third section is the Recapitulation. This section restates the original theme.

Serenades An instrumental composition for a small ensemble intended for evening entertainment. An instrumental composition for a small ensemble intended for evening entertainment. A love song sung in the evening below the beloved’s window.

Europe Geology.com Classical.net thefastertimes.com Classical.net Beethoven HaydnMozart

Franz Joseph Haydn His Childhood  Haydn was born in Austria in  He lived until  He was born into a musical family.  At the age of 5, he was sent to live with and learn music from a relative who lived near Vienna.  At the age of 8, he sang in the Vienna Boys’ Choir. He sang with the choir for nine years.  Haydn was born in Austria in  He lived until  He was born into a musical family.  At the age of 5, he was sent to live with and learn music from a relative who lived near Vienna.  At the age of 8, he sang in the Vienna Boys’ Choir. He sang with the choir for nine years. mp3million.com last.fm

St. Stephen’s Cathedral St. Stephen’s Cathedral sacred-destinations.com

Franz Joseph Haydn His Life  Haydn was good friends with Mozart and a teacher of Beethoven!  In 1790, he married Maria Anna Keller. It was an unhappy marriage.  Haydn was good friends with Mozart and a teacher of Beethoven!  In 1790, he married Maria Anna Keller. It was an unhappy marriage. ramp.pdx.edu

Franz Joseph Haydn  Haydn was known to have a good sense of humor.  Once the prince made his orchestra stay 2 months longer than usual at his country home. Haydn composed “The Farewell Symphony.” One by one, the players got up and left the stage. Haydn had made his point and the next day, the prince allowed the orchestra to return home to their families.  Haydn was known to have a good sense of humor.  Once the prince made his orchestra stay 2 months longer than usual at his country home. Haydn composed “The Farewell Symphony.” One by one, the players got up and left the stage. Haydn had made his point and the next day, the prince allowed the orchestra to return home to their families. muswrite.blogspot.com

Symphony No. 45 by Haydn (1772) “Farewell Symphony” Symphony No. 45 by Haydn (1772) “Farewell Symphony”

Franz Joseph Haydn  In conjunction with his sense of humor, Haydn wrote the “Surprise” Symphony. The surprise comes in the second movement when there suddenly is a very loud chord.  Haydn supposedly said that it “will make the women jump.” Actually it probably made men and women jump!  Concerts in the 1790’s were very long and audience members tended to fall asleep.  In conjunction with his sense of humor, Haydn wrote the “Surprise” Symphony. The surprise comes in the second movement when there suddenly is a very loud chord.  Haydn supposedly said that it “will make the women jump.” Actually it probably made men and women jump!  Concerts in the 1790’s were very long and audience members tended to fall asleep.

Symphony No. 94 by Haydn (1791) “The Surprise Symphony” Symphony No. 94 by Haydn (1791) “The Surprise Symphony”

Franz Joseph Haydn His Career  Haydn supported himself by performing, teaching, playing the organ in church, and accompanying singers.  At age 29, the wealthy Hungarian noble family by the name of Esterhazy, hired him as a Kapellmeister.  A Kapellmeister is a director of a choir or orchestra.  Haydn supported himself by performing, teaching, playing the organ in church, and accompanying singers.  At age 29, the wealthy Hungarian noble family by the name of Esterhazy, hired him as a Kapellmeister.  A Kapellmeister is a director of a choir or orchestra.  The orchestra he conducted became known as one of the finest of the time. Prince Nikolaus Esterhazy

Franz Joseph Haydn His Career  While visiting London 1790, Haydn would conduct a series of concerts featuring his symphonies.  As a result, Oxford University awarded him an honorary doctorate of music.  While visiting London 1790, Haydn would conduct a series of concerts featuring his symphonies.  As a result, Oxford University awarded him an honorary doctorate of music. trutv.com  In 1795, he would return to Austria and compose The Emperor’s Hymn. This music would become Austria’s national anthem. state.gov

Franz Joseph Haydn His Music  Haydn is credited with giving the symphony its modern form and structure. He is known as the “Father of the Symphony.”  In all, he composed over 100 symphonies!  He is known as the “Father of the String Quartet”  A string quartet is a small group of four performers. It consists of two violins, one viola, and one cello.  Haydn composed over 70 String Quartets!  Haydn is credited with giving the symphony its modern form and structure. He is known as the “Father of the Symphony.”  In all, he composed over 100 symphonies!  He is known as the “Father of the String Quartet”  A string quartet is a small group of four performers. It consists of two violins, one viola, and one cello.  Haydn composed over 70 String Quartets! naxos.co m pulsd.com

Serenade by Haydn Serenade by Haydn

Symphony No. 101 by Haydn (1795) “The Clock” Symphony No. 101 by Haydn (1795) “The Clock”

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart His Childhood  Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria in  He lived until  He began playing piano at the age of 3 and composed his first piece of music by the age of 5!  Mozart and his sister Nannerl toured Europe as children and performed for Emperors, Kings, and Queens.  Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria in  He lived until  He began playing piano at the age of 3 and composed his first piece of music by the age of 5!  Mozart and his sister Nannerl toured Europe as children and performed for Emperors, Kings, and Queens. spiritismtalk.blogspot.com

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart His Childhood  His father, Leopold, was his only teacher. He taught him keyboard, mathematics, Latin, and German.  When he was 6, his father took him to Vienna, where he performed for the emperor and was introduced as a child prodigy.  A prodigy is a person who possesses exceptional qualities or abilities.  During this time, Mozart taught himself to play the violin and the organ.  His father, Leopold, was his only teacher. He taught him keyboard, mathematics, Latin, and German.  When he was 6, his father took him to Vienna, where he performed for the emperor and was introduced as a child prodigy.  A prodigy is a person who possesses exceptional qualities or abilities.  During this time, Mozart taught himself to play the violin and the organ. thekidswindow.co.uk

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart His Childhood  In 1770 when Mozart was 14 years old, he heard Miserere by Gregoris Allegri being sung at the Sistine Chapel. When he returned home, he wrote the entire piece of music from memory without error.  Because of this amazing accomplishment, the Pope made him a Knight of the Golden Spur.  In 1770 when Mozart was 14 years old, he heard Miserere by Gregoris Allegri being sung at the Sistine Chapel. When he returned home, he wrote the entire piece of music from memory without error.  Because of this amazing accomplishment, the Pope made him a Knight of the Golden Spur. mozartschildren.wordpress.com mv.vatican.va

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart His Life  In 1782, at the age of 26, Mozart married Constanze Weber.  He was good friends with Haydn. He composed six string quartets for Haydn and dedicated them to him in  Mozart’s last years were filled with financial difficulties and health problems.  Mozart died penniless and in debt. He was buried in a unmarked grave in the churchyard of St. Mark in Vienna. The exact location is unknown.  In 1782, at the age of 26, Mozart married Constanze Weber.  He was good friends with Haydn. He composed six string quartets for Haydn and dedicated them to him in  Mozart’s last years were filled with financial difficulties and health problems.  Mozart died penniless and in debt. He was buried in a unmarked grave in the churchyard of St. Mark in Vienna. The exact location is unknown. oboeclassics.com findagrave.co m File:Costanze_Mozart_by_ Lange_1782.jpg

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart His Music  Mozart composed approximately 600 pieces of music!  His first pieces of music were published in Paris when he was 7 years old.  His early symphonies were influenced by Johann Christian Bach (J.S. Bach’s youngest son) whom he had met while visiting London when he was 8 years old.  While married to Constanze, he composed three of his most famous operas, Don Giovanni, The Marriage of Figaro, and The Magic Flute.  Mozart composed approximately 600 pieces of music!  His first pieces of music were published in Paris when he was 7 years old.  His early symphonies were influenced by Johann Christian Bach (J.S. Bach’s youngest son) whom he had met while visiting London when he was 8 years old.  While married to Constanze, he composed three of his most famous operas, Don Giovanni, The Marriage of Figaro, and The Magic Flute. Classical.net

Symphony No. 41 by Mozart (1788) “Jupiter” Symphony No. 41 by Mozart (1788) “Jupiter”

Piano Sonata No. 16 in C Major by Mozart (1788) Piano Sonata No. 16 in C Major by Mozart (1788)

“Dies Irae” from Requiem by Mozart Translation: Day of wrath, oh day of mourning, See fulfilled the prophet’s warning, Heaven and Earth in ashes burning. “Dies Irae” from Requiem by Mozart Translation: Day of wrath, oh day of mourning, See fulfilled the prophet’s warning, Heaven and Earth in ashes burning.

Why this song with this movie clip? 1. Wrath – Anger/Shooting 2. The prophet is Night Crawler 3. His warning is “Mutant Freedom Now” 4. If no freedom there will be War men/images/58093/title/nightcrawler-wallpaper X-Men United

Eine Kleine Nachtmusik “A Little Night Music” by Mozart Eine Kleine Nachtmusik “A Little Night Music” by Mozart

Ludwig van Beethoven His Childhood  Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany in  He lived until  He was born into a musical family.  When he was 4 years old, his father began teaching him piano, violin, and composition.  Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany in  He lived until  He was born into a musical family.  When he was 4 years old, his father began teaching him piano, violin, and composition. en.wikipedia.org a.org/wiki/File:Be ethoven_ house_of_birth_B onn_2008.jpg

Ludwig van Beethoven His Childhood  By age 11, he was performing and sight- reading with great expertise. His ability to improvise was compared to that of Mozart as a child prodigy.  Improvise means to make music up on the spot.  By age 11, he was performing and sight- reading with great expertise. His ability to improvise was compared to that of Mozart as a child prodigy.  Improvise means to make music up on the spot.  In 1787, when he was 17, he met and played for Mozart while visiting Vienna. Mozart was impressed with Beethoven’s improvising skill. blog.mysanantonio.com

Ludwig van Beethoven  In 1792, Beethoven met Haydn in Bonn, Germany. Haydn complimented Beethoven on some of his compositions.  This impressed the elector who then sent Beethoven to Vienna to study with Haydn.  An elector is a prince or nobleman.  In 1792, Beethoven met Haydn in Bonn, Germany. Haydn complimented Beethoven on some of his compositions.  This impressed the elector who then sent Beethoven to Vienna to study with Haydn.  An elector is a prince or nobleman.  In 1792, Beethoven moved to Vienna where he spent the rest of his life. blog.mysanantonio.co m

Ludwig van Beethoven  He started losing his hearing in 1800 and by 1820 he was no longer able to conduct an orchestra.  He was completely deaf the last 7 years of his life.  However, he still composed music, including his famous Symphony No. 9.  He started losing his hearing in 1800 and by 1820 he was no longer able to conduct an orchestra.  He was completely deaf the last 7 years of his life.  However, he still composed music, including his famous Symphony No. 9. beethoven.ws spanishdict.co m

Ludwig van Beethoven His Music  His music is divided into three periods: Early, Middle and Late.  The Early period lasted until about 1802 and was strongly influenced by the works of Haydn and Mozart.  Works from the Early period include…  Symphony No. 1  Symphony No. 2  12 Piano Sonatas including “Pathetique”  His music is divided into three periods: Early, Middle and Late.  The Early period lasted until about 1802 and was strongly influenced by the works of Haydn and Mozart.  Works from the Early period include…  Symphony No. 1  Symphony No. 2  12 Piano Sonatas including “Pathetique” musical-lectures.com

Piano Sonata No. 8 “Pathetique” by Beethoven Piano Sonata No. 8 “Pathetique” by Beethoven imdb.com platypuscomix.net “Somewhere Out There”

Ludwig van Beethoven His Music  The Middle period lasted from 1803 to His works included themes of heroism and struggle.  Works from the Middle period include…  Symphonies No. 3 through No. 8  Piano Sonatas including “Moonlight,” “Waldstein’” and “Appassionata”  Fidelio - his only opera  The Middle period lasted from 1803 to His works included themes of heroism and struggle.  Works from the Middle period include…  Symphonies No. 3 through No. 8  Piano Sonatas including “Moonlight,” “Waldstein’” and “Appassionata”  Fidelio - his only opera favorite-classical-composers.com beta.wosu.org

Piano Sonata No. 14 “Moonlight Sonata” by Beethoven Piano Sonata No. 14 “Moonlight Sonata” by Beethoven

Symphony No. 3 “Eroica” by Beethoven Beethoven composed this symphony in admiration of Napoleon Bonaparte. Symphony No. 3 “Eroica” by Beethoven Beethoven composed this symphony in admiration of Napoleon Bonaparte.

Symphony No. 5 by Beethoven The “Symphony of Destiny.” Beethoven described the beginning four notes as, “That’s how fate knocks on your door.” Symphony No. 5 by Beethoven The “Symphony of Destiny.” Beethoven described the beginning four notes as, “That’s how fate knocks on your door.”

Ludwig van Beethoven His Music  The Late period lasted from 1815 onward. His works were characterized by deep, personal expression.  Works from the Late period include…  Symphony No. 9  Last five piano sonatas  Missa Solemnis  The Late period lasted from 1815 onward. His works were characterized by deep, personal expression.  Works from the Late period include…  Symphony No. 9  Last five piano sonatas  Missa Solemnis lasvegassun.com

Symphony No. 9 by Beethoven “The Symphony of Joy” Based upon the poem, “Ode to Joy” by Friedrich Schiller. Symphony No. 9 by Beethoven “The Symphony of Joy” Based upon the poem, “Ode to Joy” by Friedrich Schiller.

Practice Listening Test You will hear each song two times. You need to write the ENTIRE title. SPELLING COUNTS!

Listening 1 by Beethoven Symphony No. 5 “The Symphony of Destiny”

Listening 2 by Mozart Piano Sonata No. 16 in C Major

Listening 3 by Beethoven Piano Sonata No. 8 “Pathetique”

Listening 4 by Haydn Serenade

Listening 5 by Mozart Eine Kleine Nachtmusik “A Little Night Music”

Listening 6 by Haydn Symphony No. 94 The “Surprise” Symphony

Listening 7 by Mozart “Dies Irae” from Requiem

Listening 8 by Beethoven Piano Sonata No. 14 “Moonlight Sonata”

Listening 9 by Haydn Symphony No. 101 “The Clock”

Listening 10 by Beethoven Symphony No. 3 “Eroica”

Listening 11 by Mozart Symphony No. 41 “Jupiter”

Listening 12 by Beethoven Symphony No. 9 “The Symphony of Joy”